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arXiv quant-ph/0212023quant-phgr-qchep-th
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量子信息与相对论

Quantum Information and Relativity Theory

Asher Peres, Daniel R. Terno

摘要:

量子力学、信息论和相对论是理论物理学的基本基础。从量子系统中获取信息是经典物理和量子物理的接口。其描述的基本工具是克劳斯矩阵和正算子值测度(POVM)。狭义相对论对远距离系统之间的信息传递施加了严格的限制。量子熵不是洛伦兹协变的概念。纠缠系统的约化密度矩阵的洛伦兹变换可能不是完全正映射。量子场论,这是必要的相互作用的一致性描述,意味着一个基本的权衡之间的检测器的可靠性和本地化。广义相对论产生了新的、违反直觉的效应,特别是当黑洞(或者更一般地说,事件视界)被涉及时。量子信息理论中的大多数当前概念可能需要重新评估。

英文摘要:

Quantum mechanics, information theory, and relativity theory are the basic foundations of theoretical physics. The acquisition of information from a quantum system is the interface of classical and quantum physics. Essential tools for its description are Kraus matrices and positive operator valued measures (POVMs). Special relativity imposes severe restrictions on the transfer of information between distant systems. Quantum entropy is not a Lorentz covariant concept. Lorentz transformations of reduced density matrices for entangled systems may not be completely positive maps. Quantum field theory, which is necessary for a consistent description of interactions, implies a fundamental trade-off between detector reliability and localizability. General relativity produces new, counterintuitive effects, in particular when black holes (or more generally, event horizons) are involved. Most of the current concepts in quantum information theory may then require a reassessment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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