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arXiv quant-ph/0205171quant-ph
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纠缠光子、非定域性和贝尔不等式在本科生实验室中的应用

Entangled photons, nonlocality and Bell inequalities in the undergraduate laboratory

Dietrich Dehlinger, M. W. Mitchell

摘要:

在一个适合高年级学生的实验中,我们使用偏振纠缠光子对来演示量子非局域性。光子是由自发参量下转换使用紫色二极管激光器和两个非线性晶体。光子的偏振态是可调的。使用类似于爱因斯坦-波多尔斯基-罗森“悖论”中描述的纠缠态,我们证明了纠缠光子的强偏振相关性。通过一个例子介绍了贝尔的隐变量理论的思想,并与量子预言进行了比较。对Clauser、Horne、Shimony和Holt版本的贝尔不等式式的检验发现$S = 2.307 \pm 0.035$与隐变量理论明显矛盾。所描述的实验可以在一个下午进行。

英文摘要:

We use polarization-entangled photon pairs to demonstrate quantum nonlocality in an experiment suitable for advanced undergraduates. The photons are produced by spontaneous parametric downconversion using a violet diode laser and two nonlinear crystals. The polarization state of the photons is tunable. Using an entangled state analogous to that described in the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen ``paradox,'' we demonstrate strong polarization correlations of the entanged photons. Bell's idea of a hidden variable theory is presented by way of an example and compared to the quantum prediction. A test of the Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt version of the Bell inequality finds $S = 2.307 \pm 0.035$, in clear contradiciton of hidden variable theories. The experiments described can be performed in an afternoon.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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