反事实陈述与弱测量：一个实验性的建议
Counterfactual Statements and Weak Measurements: an Experimental Proposal
摘要：
最近的一项分析[quant-ph/0104062]表明，弱测量可以用来为量子物理学中的反事实推理提供观察意义。在Hardy提出的干涉Gedanken实验中，弱测量可以使负的单位布居数分配给特定的态。我们提出了一种使用Gedanken实验和弱测量的捕获离子的实验实施方案。在我们对该提议的标准量子力学分析中，没有状态具有负布居，但我们通过粒子平均在与作用于它们的力相反的方向上移位来识别负布居的登记。
英文摘要：
A recent analysis [quant-ph/0104062] suggests that weak measurements can be used to give observational meaning to counterfactual reasoning in quantum physics. A weak measurement is predicted to assign a negative unit population to a specific state in an interferometric Gedankenexperiment proposed by Hardy. We propose an experimental implementation with trapped ions of the Gedankenexperiment and of the weak measurement. In our standard quantum mechanical analysis of the proposal no states have negative population, but we identify the registration of a negative population by particles being displaced on average in the direction opposite to a force acting upon them.
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