如果感知的伪欧几里得空间是涌现的,Bell定理是否仍然适用?
Does Bell's theorem apply if perceived pseudo-Euclidean space is emergent?
AI总结:
本文探讨在感知时空为涌现的隐变量理论下,Bell定理是否适用,提出隐藏弯曲时空的三维结构能解释量子非局域性并符合量子力学预测。
摘要:
Einstein、Podolsky和Rosen(EPR)表明,可以在不干扰所讨论物体的情况下确定地预测某一属性的值。相比之下,量子力学(QM)认为,如果不同的测量设置无法共存,那么对这些设置的预测也无法共存。利用受EPR启发的实验,对远距离分离的纠缠自旋粒子对进行测量,Bell证明了没有任何局域隐变量(HV)理论能比QM更详细地描述现实。然而,基于感知的时空结构是从隐藏的弯曲时空中涌现的这一假设,可以构想出一种可行的HV理论。根据该理论,每次测量都可以保持局域性,而被视为非局域性的现象可以归因于双方仪器之间时空相关性的涌现。该理论预测的相关性与QM一致,前提是隐藏时空具有三个空间维度。如果少于三个维度,CHSH不等式将不会被违反;如果多于三个维度,Tsirelson界限将被违反。根据这一HV理论,实验室参考系是Bell思想实验所研究的那种相关性的一个推论。
英文摘要:
Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) showed that it is possible to predict with certainty the value of a property without disturbing the object in question. In contrast, Quantum Mechanics (QM) holds that if different measurement setups cannot coexist, then predictions about those can neither. Using an EPR-inspired experiment with distantly separated measurements on pairs of entangled spinning particles, Bell proved that no local hidden variable (HV) theory can describe reality in more detail than QM. However, it is possible to conceive a viable HV theory based on the assumption that the perceived structure of spacetime is emergent from a hidden curved spacetime. According to this theory, locality can be maintained for each of the measurements while what is perceived as non-locality can be ascribed to the emergence of spacetime correlations between the instruments of the two parties. The theory predicts correlations that agree with QM, provided that the hidden spacetime has three spatial dimensions. If it had fewer than three dimensions, the CHSH inequality would not be violated and if more, Tsirelson's bound would be violated. According to this HV theory, the laboratory frame of reference is a corollary of correlations of the type that are the subject of Bell's thought experiment.
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