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arXiv quant-ph/0003033quant-ph
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非退化离散观测量的测量

Measurements of Nondegenerate Discrete Observables

Masanao Ozawa

摘要:

对量子系统的每次测量都会导致从测量之前的系统状态到测量之后的系统状态的状态变化,这取决于测量的结果。本文确定了由非简并离散观测量的测量引起的所有可能的条件状态变化。为此目的,下列条件被证明是等价的非退化离散可观测量:(i)连续测量结果的联合概率分布依赖于初始状态。(ii)该装置具有间接测量模型。(iii)状态变化由正超算子值测度描述。(iv)状态变化由一个完全正的超算子值测度描述。(v)输出状态独立于输入状态,并且输出状态族可以通过设备的选择来任意选择。对测量问题的影响进行了简要讨论。

英文摘要:

Every measurement on a quantum system causes a state change from the system state just before the measurement to the system state just after the measurement conditional upon the outcome of measurement. This paper determines all the possible conditional state changes caused by measurements of nondegenerate discrete observables. For this purpose, the following conditions are shown to be equivalent for measurements of nondegenerate discrete observables: (i) The joint probability distribution of the outcomes of successive measurements depends affinely on the initial state. (ii) The apparatus has an indirect measurement model. (iii) The state change is described by a positive superoperator valued measure. (iv) The state change is described by a completely positive superoperator valued measure. (v) The output state is independent of the input state and the family of output states can be arbitrarily chosen by the choice of the apparatus. The implications to the measurement problem are discussed briefly.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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