漂移管中相对论电子束团的自箍缩
Self-pinching of a relativistic electron bunch in a drift tube
摘要：
电荷密度$ρ$为$10^2$至$10^3$ [nC/cm $^3$ ]量级、能量介于$20.$和$100.$ [MeV]之间、峰值电流$>100$ [A]、束长介于0.3和1.8 [cm]之间、束电荷为2.0至$20.$ [nC]的电子束团与自由电子激光器和未来直线对撞机的设计有关。在本文中，我们提出了一个粒子在一个细胞（pic）代码的漂移管中的电子聚束进行数值模拟的结果。电子聚束具有圆柱对称性，其中$z$轴定向在运动方向上。电荷密度分布在径向上是常数，在纵向上是高斯分布。电子束团在脉冲的中间经历径向箍缩，对应于峰值电子密度，以及相关发射度的显著增长。这种行为的解释，并确定一个近似的标度律。从PIC和PARMELA代码的结果进行了比较。
英文摘要：
Electron bunches with charge densities $ρ$ of the order of $10^2$ to $10^3$ [nC/cm$^3$], energies between $20.$ and $100.$ [MeV], peak current $>100$ [A], bunch lengths between 0.3 and 1.8 [cm], and bunch charge of 2.0 to $20.$ [nC] are relevant to the design of Free Electron Lasers and future linear colliders. In this paper we present the results of numerical simulations performed with a particle in a cell (pic) code of an electron bunch in a drift tube. The electron bunch has cylindrical symmetry with the $z$-axis oriented in the direction of motion. The charge density distribution is constant in the radial and Gaussian in the longitudinal direction, respectively. The electron bunch experiences both a radial pinch in the middle of the pulse, corresponding to the peak electron density, and a significant growth of the correlated emittance. This behavior is explained, and an approximate scaling law is identified. Comparisons of the results from the pic and PARMELA codes are presented.
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