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arXiv physics/0703051physics.opticsphysics.space-ph
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量子真空负折射

Negative refraction by quantum vacuum

Tom G. Mackay, Akhlesh Lakhtakia

摘要:

在经典真空中,光的相速度与能流方向平行。然而,在某些不常见的材料中,这两个矢量可以是相反的方向,在这种情况下,相速度被称为“负”。这种负相速度(NPV)引起了许多奇异的现象,如负折射,逆多普勒频移和逆切伦科夫辐射,并具有技术吸引力。根据量子电动力学,静磁场的存在使真空成为光通过的各向异性介质。在足够强的静磁场的影响下,真空支持NPV。这样的超强磁场被认为是由于发电机的作用而产生的,例如在新生的中子星和双中子星合并中。鉴于可能发生负折射,在对中子星和相关的伽马射线暴进行天文观测时,必须认真考虑超强静磁场的影响。

英文摘要:

The phase velocity of light is co-parallel to the direction of energy flow in classical vacuum. However, in certain uncommon materials, these two vectors can be oppositely directed, in which case the phase velocity is termed `negative'. This negative phase velocity (NPV) gives rise to many exotic phenomenons, such as negative refraction, inverse Doppler shift and inverse Cerenkov radiation, and has technological allure. According to quantum electrodynamics, the presence of a magnetostatic field makes vacuum an anisotropic medium for the passage of light. Under the influence of a sufficiently strong magnetostatic field, vacuum supports NPV. Such ultrastrong magnetic fields are believed to arise due to dynamo action in newborn neutron stars and in binary neutron star mergers, for examples. In view of the possible occurrence of negative refraction, the influence of ultrastrong magnetostatic fields must be carefully taken into account in astronomical observations relating to neutron stars and associated gamma-ray bursts.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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