切尔诺贝利事故后克罗地亚北部鲤鱼中放射性铯活度浓度的长期调查
Long-term investigations of radiocaesium activity concentrations in carps in north Croatia after the Chernobyl accident
摘要：
本文介绍了对克罗地亚共和国鲤鱼体内放射性铯活度浓度的长期调查。1987-2002年和1993-2005年鲤鱼体内放射性铯浓度呈指数下降趋势，有效生态半衰期分别为1年和5年。在鲤鱼中观察到的134 Cs：137 Cs活度比与在其他环境样品中观察到的比值相似。鲤鱼的浓缩系数（湿重）粗略估计为128 +/- 74 Lkg-1，这与基于水中K+浓度的模型预测相当一致。克罗地亚成年人口因食用鲤鱼摄入134 Cs和137 Cs所接受的估计年有效剂量很小，1987 - 2005年的人均剂量估计为0.5 +/- 0.2 microSv。由于克罗地亚的淡水鱼消费量较少，鲤鱼中放射性铯的放射性浓度较低，因此可以得出结论，在切尔诺贝利事故后，鲤鱼的消费并不是放射性铯从沉降物转移到人类的关键途径。
英文摘要：
Long-term investigations of radiocaesium activity concentrations in carps in the Republic of Croatia are presented. The radiocaesium levels in carps decreased exponentially and the effective ecological half-life of 137Cs in carps was estimated to be about 1 year for 1987-2002 period and 5 years for 1993-2005 period. The observed 134Cs:137Cs activity ratio in carps has been found to be similar to the ratio that has been observed in other environmental samples. Concentration factor for carps (wet weight) was roughly estimated to be 128 +/- 74 Lkg-1, which is in reasonable agreement with model prediction based on K+ concentrations in water. Estimated annual effective doses received by 134Cs and 137Cs intake due to consumption of carps for an adult member of Croatian population are small, per caput dose for the 1987 - 2005 estimated to be 0.5 +/- 0.2 microSv. Due to minor freshwater fish consumption in Croatia and low radiocaesium activity concentrations in carps, it can be concluded that carps consumption was not a critical pathway for the transfer of radiocaesium from fallout to humans after the Chernobyl accident.
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