使用盖革计数器的教育性cosmic ray实验
Educational cosmic ray experiments with Geiger counters
摘要：
有关宇宙射线物理的实验为高中教师和学生提供了一个进入高能物理研究领域的相对容易的途径。探测宇宙射线并不一定需要使用复杂的设备，甚至使用一个盖革计数器就可以观察和分析宇宙辐射的各种性质。然而，由于这些测量的包容性，这种实验的种类和所获得的结果是有限的。当两个或多个盖革计数器同时工作时，可以获得显著的改进。在本文中，我们讨论的潜力进行教育宇宙线实验与盖革计数器。为了说明符合技术的教育价值，本文简要地讨论了用简单的符合电路进行宇宙线实验的初步结果。
英文摘要：
Experiments concerning the physics of cosmic rays offer to high-school teachers and students a relatively easy approach to the field of research in high energy physics. The detection of cosmic rays does not necessarily require the use of sophisticated equipment, and various properties of the cosmic radiation can be observed and analysed even by the use of a single Geiger counter. Nevertheless, the variety of such kind of experiments and the results obtained are limited because of the inclusive nature of these measurements. A significant improvement may be obtained when two or more Geiger counters are operated in coincidence. In this paper we discuss the potential of performing educational cosmic ray experiments with Geiger counters. In order to show also the educational value of coincidence techniques, preliminary results of cosmic ray experiments carried out by the use of a simple coincidence circuit are briefly discussed.
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