城市道路网络结构的流量维度与通行能力
The Flow Dimension and Capacity for Structuring Urban Street Networks
摘要：
从多维连通链（或流）的角度对城市街道网络（一种复杂网络）的效率进行度量。更具体地说，我们定义了两个量：流维和流量，来表征城市街道网络的结构。对于城市街道网络的拓扑结构，我们发现：（1）它们的流维范围比随机和规则的拓扑结构更宽;（2）它们的流维服从幂律分布;（3）它们的流容量比随机和规则的拓扑结构更大。研究结果证实：（1）更宽的流维数范围和更高的流容量可以作为小世界网络的特征;（2）流容量可以作为衡量网络效率或单个节点效率的替代量。使用三个城市街道网络（两个在欧洲和一个在美国）的结果进行说明。
英文摘要：
This paper aims to measure the efficiency of urban street networks (a kind of complex networks) from the perspective of the multidimensional chain of connectivity (or flow). More specifically, we define two quantities: flow dimension and flow capacity, to characterize structures of urban street networks. To our surprise for the topologies of urban street networks, previously confirmed as a form of small world and scale-free networks, we find that (1) the range of their flow dimension is rather wider than their random and regular counterparts, (2) their flow dimension shows a power-law distribution, and (3) they have a higher flow capacity than their random and regular counterparts. The findings confirm that (1) both the wider range of flow dimension and the higher flow capacity can be a signature of small world networks, and (2) the flow capacity can be an alternative quantity for measuring the efficiency of networks or that of the individual nodes. The findings are illustrated using three urban street networks (two in the Europe and one in the USA).
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