光速不变原理的替代方案
Alternative to the principle of constant speed of light
摘要：
考虑一种携带光和电磁波的介质是不可能的，因为根据光速恒定的原理，这种介质应该具有各种性质，也就是说，在每个参考系中，光速都是各向同性的。因此，放弃光速不变的原则，定义了所谓的时钟的介质同步，仅在静止的系统中产生各向同性，而在所有运动的系统中产生各向异性。从介质同步发展适当的坐标变换，所谓的介质变换，伽利略型变换，从而保持所有参与参考系统之间的同步性，并将麦克斯韦方程组的形式改变为扩展的麦克斯韦方程组。尽管介质变换违反了洛伦兹不变性和相对性原理，但证明了介质变换和推广的麦克斯韦方程组的结果与可观测现象完全一致。此外，它表明，介质的概念，一个首选的参考系，是兼容的，不仅与介质变换，而且与洛伦兹变换和狭义相对论，所以它是完全可能的，现在考虑一个现实的介质。最后，狭义相对论中的一个矛盾被暴露出来，甚至在狭义相对论中也产生了一个优选的参考系。
英文摘要：
To consider a medium carrying light and electromagnetic waves is impossible, when this medium shall have properties according to the principle of constant speed of light, that is, isotropy of speed of light in every system of reference. Therefore, with principle of constant speed of light abandoned, the so-called medium synchronization of clocks is defined, yielding isotropy solely in the system at rest and anisotropy in all moving systems. From medium synchronization the appropriate coordinate transformation is developed, the so-called medium transformation, a Galilean type of transformation, thus maintaining simultaneity between all participant systems of reference and changing the form of Maxwells equations to the extended Maxwell equations. Despite the fact that medium transformation violates Lorentz invariance and the principle of relativity, it is demonstrated that the results from medium transformation and extended Maxwell equations are fully compliant with observable phenomena. Moreover, it is shown that the concept of a medium, a preferred frame of reference, is compatible not only with medium transformation, but also with Lorentz transformation and with theory of special relativity, so it is quite possible now to consider a realistic medium. Finally, a discrepancy is exposed within theory of special relativity, giving rise to assume a preferred frame of reference even in special relativity.
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