狄拉克理论的推广与基本粒子的分类
Extension of Dirac theory and the classification of elementary particles
摘要：
狄拉克理论意味着除了自旋空间之外，还存在一个内部矢量空间。利用Dirac的内空间变量与物理空间变量的耦合，我们构造了一种新的物理加内空间的粒子位形结构。这一点的重要性在于，狄拉克理论中隐含的内部自由度允许对基本粒子进行新的分类。一个重要的结果是预言了一种新的夸克。正如预期的那样，我们的理论将费米子分为双峰，然后分为色单线态（轻子）和色三线态（夸克），然后进一步分为世代单线态和世代三线态。如果费米子的泡利不相容原理在粒子的内部空间也成立，那么我们的理论做出了两个重要的预言。首先，我们可以解释为什么被广泛研究的夸克（上夸克、下夸克、粲夸克、奇夸克、顶夸克、底夸克）在自然界中不能被观察到为自由态。其次，我们预言了一种新的夸克的存在，这种夸克在自然界中确实可以作为自由态被观测到，并且它的波函数在内部空间是反对称的。W. M.费正清，古根海姆研究员，已经发表了实验数据，支持我们的第二个预测。
英文摘要：
The Dirac theory implies the existence of an internal vector space, in addition to spin space. Using Dirac's coupling of variables in internal space to those in physical space, we construct a new configuration structure for particles in the combined physical plus internal spaces. The importance of this is that the internal degrees of freedom implicit in Dirac's theory allow a new classification of elementary particles. An important consequence is the prediction of a new type of quark. As expected, our theory groups fermions into doublets, which are then divided into color singlets (leptons) and color triplets (quarks), and which are then further divided into generation singlets and generation triplets. If the Pauli exclusion principle for fermions is also valid within a particle's internal space, then our theory makes two important predictions. First, we can explain why the widely studied quarks (up, down, charm, strange, top, bottom) cannot be observed as free states in nature. Second, we predict the existence of a new quark which can indeed be observed as a free state in nature, and whose wave function is antisymmetric in internal space. W. M. Fairbank, a Guggenheim Fellow, has published experimental data which supports our second prediction.
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