Geometrical Optics via electromagnetic wave quantization

Learning through experimenting: an original way of teaching geometrical optics

Over the past 10 years, we have developed at University Paris Sud a first year course on geometrical optics centered on experimentation. In contrast with the traditional top-down learning structure usually applied at university, in which practical sessions are often a mere verification of the laws taught during preceding lectures, this course promotes "active learning" and focuses on experiments made by the students. Interaction among students and self questioning are strongly encouraged and practicing comes first, before any theoretical knowledge. Through a series of concrete examples, the pr…

利用轴锥透镜实现引力透镜的几何光学类比

A geometrical-optics analogy for gravitational lensing using axicon-type lenses

本文提出一种利用轴锥透镜的几何光学类比模型，用于教学和计算，可生成类引力透镜的图像形态，探究表面几何与对称性对光线偏转及图像的影响。