弹性固体的热物理描述

摘要：

实验表明，所有的热物理变量的导数几乎是常数。导数的恒定值表示变量之间的线性关系。无论是热膨胀的体积系数，也不是体积模量是恒定的，并显示压力和温度的依赖性。除了导数之外，在热膨胀的体积系数和体积模量的定义中唯一的其它量是体积。这些参数的压力和温度依赖性是由于对体积的识别不当造成的。在固相中，实际体积不是一个独立变量，而是由三个更基本的体积组成，即初始体积、热体积和弹性体积。压力与弹性体积相关，温度与热体积相关。通过对基本体积部分的具体识别，提出了体积热膨胀系数和体积模量的新定义。热体积和弹性体积的完全分离与理论一致，因为振动能和静态能彼此完全独立。基于热变形和弹性形变的独立性，提出了在弹性域中，除了体积不变外，固相中不应存在热弹性耦合。研究还表明，热弹耦合是不可逆的，只存在于温度-压力方向。

英文摘要：

Experiments show that all the derivatives of the thermo-physical variables are nearly constant. The constant value of the derivatives indicates linear relationship between the variables. Neither the volume coefficient of thermal expansion nor the bulk modulus are constant and show pressure and temperature dependence. Besides the derivatives the only other quantity in the definition of the volume coefficient of thermal expansion and the bulk modulus is the volume. It is suggested that the pressure and temperature dependence of these parameters is resulted from the improper identification of the volume. In solid phase the actual volume is not an independent variable but rather comprises from three more fundamental volume components, initial, thermal, and elastic volumes. The pressure correlates to the elastic volume and the temperature to the thermal volume. New definitions for the volume coefficient of thermal expansion and the bulk modulus are proposed by identifying the fundamental volume parts specifically. The complete separation of the thermal and elastic volumes is consistent with theory since the vibrational and static energies are completely independent of each other. Based on the independence of the thermal and elastic deformations it is suggested that thermo elastic coupling should not exist in solid phase in the elastic domain with the exception of constant volume. It is also suggested that the thermo-elastic coupling is irreversible and exist only in the temperature-pressure direction.

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