小于25 nm表面诱导的德布罗意波相移
de Broglie Wave Phase Shifts Induced by Surfaces Closer than 25 nm
摘要：
四个原子光学实验，每个服务于测量纳米光栅附近的原子-表面相互作用。在这些实验中，光束中的原子在材料光栅条的25 nm内行进，并且分析并入了由于Na原子与氮化硅表面之间的相互作用而引起的原子德布罗意波的相移。一个原子衍射实验确定范德华系数$C_3=2.7\pm$ 0.8 meVnm $^3$，一个原子干涉仪实验确定$C_3=4\pm$ 1 meVnm $^3$。所有四个实验的结果与Lifshitz预测一致，在此明确计算出Na-氮化硅为$C_3=3.25$ meVnm $^3$。四个原子光学实验和范德瓦尔斯理论的审查补充了类似的实验，使用电子束和图像电荷效应的分析。
英文摘要：
Four atom optics experiments that each serve to measure atom-surface interactions near nanofabricated gratings are presented here. In these experiments atoms in a beam travel within 25 nm of a material grating bar, and the analysis incorporates phase shifts for the atomic de Broglie waves due to interactions betwen Na atoms and silicon nitride surfaces. One atom diffraction experiment determines the van der Waals coefficient $C_3=2.7\pm$0.8 meVnm$^3$, and one atom interferometer experiment determines $C_3=4\pm$1 meVnm$^3$. The results of all four experiments are consistent with the Lifshitz prediction that is explicitly calculated here for Na-silicon nitride to be $C_3=3.25$ meVnm$^3$. The four atom optics experiments and review of van der Waals theory are complemented by similar experiments using electron beams and analysis of image-charge effects.
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