范德华原子与表面相互作用引起的原子波相移的观测
Observation of atom wave phase shifts induced by van der Waals atom-surface interactions
摘要：
纳米技术和原子光学的发展依赖于对原子行为及其与环境相互作用的理解。孤立的原子可以表现出类似波（相干）的行为与相应的德布罗意波长和相位，可以通过附近的表面的影响。本文用原子干涉仪测量了钠原子波在50 nm宽腔壁上的相移。据我们所知，这是第一次直接测量由原子-表面相互作用引起的德布罗意波相移。的相移的幅度是在协议与量子电动力学预测的非延迟范德华相互作用。该实验还表明，即使原子-表面距离小至10 nm，原子波也可以保持其相干性。
英文摘要：
The development of nanotechnology and atom optics relies on understanding how atoms behave and interact with their environment. Isolated atoms can exhibit wave-like (coherent) behaviour with a corresponding de Broglie wavelength and phase which can be affected by nearby surfaces. Here an atom interferometer is used to measure the phase shift of Na atom waves induced by the walls of a 50 nm wide cavity. To our knowledge this is the first direct measurement of the de Broglie wave phase shift caused by atom-surface interactions. The magnitude of the phase shift is in agreement with that predicted by quantum electrodynamics for a non-retarded van der Waals interaction. This experiment also demonstrates that atom-waves can retain their coherence even when atom-surface distances are as small as 10 nm.
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