开放流动体系和聚合反应中的手性选择
Chirality Selection in Open Flow Systems and in Polymerization
摘要：
为了理解生命中有机分子的同手性，提出了一个化学反应模型，其中由非手性底物生成手性单体是由相同对映体类型的聚合物催化的。该系统必须是开放的，因为在封闭系统中，通过酶增强的手性单体生产被逆反应中的相关增强所补偿，并且手征对称性是保守的。无交叉抑制的开放流导致在一般模型中的手性选择。在聚合反应中，来自环境的底物的流入和用于催化剂生产以外的目的的手性产物的流出使得系统必然是开放的。发现当底物的注入量在有限区间内时，手征对称性被破坏。随着酶效率的提高，对映体过量的最大值接近1，从而手性选择变得完全。
英文摘要：
As an attempt to understand the homochirality of organic molecules in life, a chemical reaction model is proposed where the production of chiral monomers from achiral substrate is catalyzed by the polymers of the same enatiomeric type. This system has to be open because in a closed system the enhanced production of chiral monomers by enzymes is compensated by the associated enhancement in back reaction, and the chiral symmetry is conserved. Open flow without cross inhibition is shown to lead to the chirality selection in a general model. In polymerization, the influx of substrate from the ambience and the efflux of chiral products for purposes other than the catalyst production make the system necessarily open. The chiral symmetry is found to be broken if the influx of substrate lies within a finite interval. As the efficiency of the enzyme increases, the maximum value of the enantiomeric excess approaches unity so that the chirality selection becomes complete.
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