封闭体系中的手性选择模型
Chirality Selection Models in a Closed System
摘要：
近年来首次发现了对映体过量放大的化学体系，受这些实验的启发，我们提出了几个封闭体系中的化学反应模型。这些反应包括手性分子的自催化生成及其分解过程。本文利用对映浓度相空间的流图研究了手征对称性破缺。在没有任何破坏过程的情况下，二次自催化导致ee的放大，但流被吸引到一个固定的线，这只是勉强稳定。破坏过程完全改变了吸引子的结构。在交叉抑制的情况下，线性自催化足以使手征对称性破缺并具有完全的同手性。在逆反应中，二次自催化是导致手征对称性破缺的必要条件。如果存在外消旋化过程，则最终ee不完全。
英文摘要：
Recently the first chemical systems which show the amplification of enantiometric excess (ee) was found. Inspired by these experiments, we propose a few chemical reaction models in a closed system. The reactions consist of autocatalytic production of chiral molecules and their decomposition processes. By means of flow diagrams in the phase space of enatiometric concentrations, chiral symmetry breaking is studied. Without any destruction processes, the quadratic autocatalysis leads to the amplification of ee, but the flow is attracted to a fixed line, which is only marginally stable. The destruction processes alter the attractor structure completely. With a cross inhibition the linear autocatalysis is sufficient for the chiral symmetry breaking with a complete homochirality. With a back reaction, the quadratic autocatalysis is necessary to bring about the chiral symmetry breaking. The final ee is not complete if there is a racemization process.
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