光晶格中冷原子的混沌量子棘轮和滤波器：Floquet态的性质
Chaotic quantum ratchets and filters with cold atoms in optical lattices: properties of Floquet states
摘要：
最近，在光晶格中的铯原子受到周期不等间隔脉冲的作用，发现它们表现出有趣的行为：它们代表了哈密顿棘轮机制的第一个实验证明，并且它们表现出作为初始动量的函数的动力学局域化长度的强烈变化。这种行为与相应的等周期脉冲原子系统有质的不同，等周期脉冲原子系统是一种经过充分研究的量子混沌范例，即量子δ踢粒子（delta-QKP）的教科书实现。我们在这里调查的参数制度的新实验中的相应的本征态（Floquet状态）的属性，并比较它们与那些在类似的踢强度的delta-QKP的本征态。我们表明，与Floquet状态的属性，我们可以揭示所观察到的棘轮电流的形式以及在动态本地化长度的变化。
英文摘要：
Recently, cesium atoms in optical lattices subjected to cycles of unequally-spaced pulses have been found to show interesting behavior: they represent the first experimental demonstration of a Hamiltonian ratchet mechanism, and they show strong variability of the Dynamical Localization lengths as a function of initial momentum. The behavior differs qualitatively from corresponding atomic systems pulsed with equal periods, which are a textbook implementation of a well-studied quantum chaos paradigm, the quantum delta-kicked particle (delta-QKP). We investigate here the properties of the corresponding eigenstates (Floquet states) in the parameter regime of the new experiments and compare them with those of the eigenstates of the delta-QKP at similar kicking strengths. We show that, with the properties of the Floquet states, we can shed light on the form of the observed ratchet current as well as variations in the Dynamical Localization length.
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