波粒二象性的四元数质量概念
Concept of Quaternion Mass for Wave-Particle Duality : A Novel Approach
摘要：
从原子到星系，质量都是中心主题。但质量是什么？是标量还是矢量？显然，质量似乎是标量;但相对论质量与速度有关，而运动质量（例如光子）是矢量玻色子。本文引入了一个新概念，即质量一般既不是标量也不是矢量，而是一个四元数量（标量+矢量）。四元数质量的概念表明，运动物体的总质量M是以下各项的四元数和：（i）建立其粒子行为的标量（颗粒或静止质量）质量mg和（ii）控制其波动性质的矢量（光子）质量mp。在数学上，总四元数质量为M = mg + mp，其大小为勾股和为|M| =（mg 2 +mp2）1/2。本文提出的理论更清晰地解释了波粒二象性，并给出了德布罗意假设的数学融合。它还成功地解释了康普顿效应和光的光的折射等用单一的波粒理论无法解释的效应。还解释了光的多普勒效应、光电效应、不确定原理和相对论。本文提出的四元数质量概念是新颖的，具有根本的重要性;这可能被证明是物理学中的革命性概念，并可能导致新的方向。
英文摘要：
Mass is in the central theme everywhere from atom to galaxy. But what is mass ? Is it scalar or vector ? Apparently it appears that mass is scalar; but relativistic mass is velocity dependent and moving mass such as photon is vector boson. In the present paper a new concept is introduced that in general, mass is neither scalar nor vector rather, mass is a quaternion quantity (scalar + vector). The concept of quaternion mass suggests that the total mass M of a moving body is quaternion sum of : (i) the scalar(grain or rest mass) mass mg establishing its particle behavior and (ii) the vector(photonic) mass mp governing its wave properties. Mathematically, total quaternion mass as M = mg + mp, its magnitude being the Pythagorean sum as |M| = (mg2+mp2)1/2 . The theory proposed here explains the wave-particle duality more clearly & conceptually and gives a mathematical blend to de-Broglie hypothesis. It also explains successfully several effects such as Compton effect and refraction of light which could not be explained otherwise by a single theory of wave or particle. Also explained are: Doppler effect of light, Photo-electric effect, Uncertainty principle and Relativity. The quaternion mass concept proposed in this paper is novel & is of fundamental importance; this could prove to be a revolutionary concept in physics and possibly lead to new directions.
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