大气中幂律的持续性和趋势：长期温度记录的详细研究
Power-law persistence and trends in the atmosphere: A detailed study of long temperature records
摘要：
我们使用几个变种的去趋势波动分析研究的外观长期持续的温度记录，在全球各地的95个站。我们的结果基本上证实了早期的研究。我们发现，持续性，其特征在于由s天间隔的温度变化的相关C（s），衰减为大的s作为一个幂律，C（s）~ s^（-gamma）。对于大陆台站，包括沿海岸线的台站，我们发现伽马总是接近0.7。对于岛屿上的站点，我们发现伽马值在0.3和0.7之间，最大值为伽马= 0.4。这与早期关于伽马值接近0.4的海表温度记录的持久性的研究是一致的。在所有情况下，指数伽玛不依赖于站点到大陆海岸线的距离。通过改变波动分析中去趋势的程度，我们也获得了温度记录中趋势的信息。
英文摘要：
We use several variants of the detrended fluctuation analysis to study the appearance of long-term persistence in temperature records, obtained at 95 stations all over the globe. Our results basically confirm earlier studies. We find that the persistence, characterized by the correlation C(s) of temperature variations separated by s days, decays for large s as a power law, C(s) ~ s^(-gamma). For continental stations, including stations along the coastlines, we find that gamma is always close to 0.7. For stations on islands, we find that gamma ranges between 0.3 and 0.7, with a maximum at gamma = 0.4. This is consistent with earlier studies of the persistence in sea surface temperature records where gamma is close to 0.4. In all cases, the exponent gamma does not depend on the distance of the stations to the continental coastlines. By varying the degree of detrending in the fluctuation analysis we obtain also information about trends in the temperature records.
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