连接性和惯性的起源
Connectivity and the Origin of Inertia
摘要：
牛顿第二定律将惯性质量定义为物体上施加的力与物体的响应加速度之比（即，F=ma）。在有限力作用下表现出有限加速度的物体被描述为“质量”，这种质量通常被认为是组成物体的粒子的固有属性。然而，质量本身从未被直接测量过。被测量的是惯性，即物体对外力的反作用。我们表明，惯性的影响同样很好地解释了真空场作用于无质量粒子在测地线运动的结果。在这种方法中，粒子历史中的真空场定义了粒子时空的曲率。描述这种曲率的度规意味着到闵可夫斯基时空的变换，我们称之为联结变换。在闵可夫斯基时空中观察时，应用联结变换会产生通常的惯性效应，包括静态电场（真空上方）中的双曲运动和脉冲后的匀速运动。在电磁真空场的情况下，无质量电荷的运动是螺旋运动，可以等同于量子理论中的粒子自旋。这种自旋具有量子理论所预期的性质，在通过施加场来“测量”之前是不确定的，然后在自旋向上或自旋向下的状态下被发现。此外，电荷的zitterbewegung是以光速进行的，这也与量子理论一致。连通性也允许对的产生，因为连通变换可以将粒子时空中的正时间间隔转换为闵可夫斯基时空中的负时间间隔。
英文摘要：
Newton's Second Law defines inertial mass as the ratio of the applied force on an object to the responding acceleration of the object (viz., F=ma). Objects that exhibit finite accelerations under finite forces are described as being "massive'' and this mass has usually been considered to be an innate property of the particles composing the object. However mass itself is never directly measured. It is inertia, the reaction of the object to impressed forces, that is measured. We show that the effects of inertia are equally well explained as a consequence of the vacuum fields acting on massless particles travelling in geodesic motion. In this approach, the vacuum fields in the particle's history define the curvature of the particle's spacetime. The metric describing this curvature implies a transformation to Minkowski spacetime, which we call the Connective transformation. Application of the Connective transformation produces the usual effects of inertia when observed in Minkowski spacetime, including hyperbolic motion in a static electric field (above the vacuum) and uniform motion following an impulse. In the case of the electromagnetic vacuum fields, the motion of the massless charge is a helical motion that can be equated to the particle spin of quantum theory. This spin has the properties expected from quantum theory, being undetermined until "measured'' by applying a field, and then being found in either a spin up or spin down state. Furthermore, the zitterbewegung of the charge is at the speed of light, again in agreement with quantum theory. Connectivity also allows for pair creation as the Connective transformation can transform positive time intervals in the particle spacetime to negative time intervals in Minkowski spacetime.
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