双阴离子金和银团簇的衰变通道和外观尺寸
Decay channels and appearance sizes of doubly anionic gold and silver clusters
摘要：
采用有限温度壳层修正方法，考虑三轴形变，计算了Au_N和Ag_N团簇的二阶电子亲合能以及Au_N^{2-}和Ag_N^{2-}二价阴离子的裂变离解能.发现N > 2的双阴离子团簇对裂变是能量稳定的，留下电子自脱离作为主要的衰变过程。Au_N^{2-}（N < 30）的第二电子亲合势表现出明显的壳层效应，与测量的丰度谱非常一致，金双阴离子团簇的外观尺寸N=12，银双阴离子团簇的外观尺寸N=24。
英文摘要：
Second electron affinities of Au_N and Ag_N clusters and the dissociation energies for fission of the Au_N^{2-} and Ag_N^{2-} dianions are calculated using the finite-temperature shell-correction method and allowing for triaxial deformations. Dianionic clusters with N > 2 are found to be energetically stable against fission, leaving electron autodetachment as the dominant decay process. The second electron affinities exhibit pronounced shell effects in excellent agreement with measured abundance spectra for Au_N^{2-} (N < 30), with appearance sizes N=12 for gold dianionic clusters and N=24 for silver dianionic clusters.
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