To study finite-dimensional modules of the Lie superalgebras, Kac introduced the Kac-modules and divided them into typical or atypical modules according as they are simple or not. For Lambda being atypical, Hughes et al have an algorithm to determine all the composition factors of a Kac-module; they conjectured that there exists a bijection between the composition factors of a Kac-module and the so-called permissible codes. The aim of this paper is to prove this conjecture. We give a partial proof here, i.e., to any unlinked code, by constructing explicitly the primitive vector, we prove that there corresponds a composition factor of the Kac-module. We will give a full proof of the conjecture in another paper.
Character formulas for Lie superalgebras have been shown to have important applications to number theory and combinatorics. We prove the Kac-Wakimoto character formula for the general linear Lie superalgebra gl(m|n). This formula specializes to the well-known Kac-Weyl character formula when the modules are typical and to the Weyl denominator identity when the module is trivial. We also prove a determinantal character formula for KW-modules using the Kac-Wakimoto character formula.
We define regular Kac-Moody superalgebras and classify them using integrable modules. We give conditions for irreducible highest weight modules of regular Kac-Moody superalgebras to be integrable. This paper is a major part of the proof for the classification of finite-growth contragredient Lie superalgebras.
The polynomial which determine the simplicity of the Kac modules for the restricted Lie superalgebra gl(m,n) is completely determined by a characteristic free approach. Its application on the nonrestricted representation is investigated.
Generalizing the super duality formalism for finite-dimensional Lie superalgebras of type $ABCD$, we establish an equivalence between parabolic BGG categories of a Kac-Moody Lie superalgebra and a Kac-Moody Lie algebra. The characters for a large family of irreducible highest weight modules over a symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie superalgebra are then given in terms of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials for the first time. We formulate a notion of integrable modules over a symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie superalgebra via super duality, and show that these integrable modules form a semisimple tensor subcategor…
We prove the Kac-Wakimoto conjecture for the periplectic Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{p}(n)$, stating that any simple module lying in a block of non-maximal atypicality has superdimension zero.
A contragredient Lie superalgebra is a superalgebra defined by a Cartan matrix. A contragredient Lie superalgebra has finite-growth if the dimensions of the graded components (in the natural grading) depend polynomially on the degree. In this paper we classify finite-growth contragredient Lie superalgebras. Previously, such a classification was known only for the symmetrizable case.
This paper aims to describe the restricted Kac modules of restricted Hamiltonian Lie superalgebras of odd type over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>3$. In particular, a sufficient and necessary condition for the restricted Kac modules to be irreducible is given in terms of typical weights.
We classify finite-dimensional tame modules over the ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebras. For these modules we show that their characters are given by the Kac-Wakimoto character formula, thus establishing the Kac-Wakimoto conjecture for the ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebras. We further relate the Kac-Wakimoto formula to the super Jacobi polynomials of Sergeev and Veselov, and show that these polynomials, up to a sign, give the super characters for these tame modules.
Atypicality is a fundamental combinatorial invariant for simple supermodules of a basic Lie superalgebra. Boe, Nakano, and the author gave a conjectural geometric interpretation of atypicality via support varieties. Inspired by low dimensional topology, Geer, Patureau-Mirand, and the author gave a generalization of the Kac-Wakimoto atypicality conjecture. We prove both of these conjectures for the Lie superalgebra osp(m|2n).
Over a field of characteristic p>2, firstly, the structure of Kac modules of Lie superalgebra $\tilde{P}(2)$ and the weight space decompositions are given. Secondly, the weight-derivations of $\tilde{P}(2)$ to its Kac modules are computed. Finally, the first cohomology of $\tilde{P}(2)$ with coefficients in Kac modules is determined.
Generalized root systems (GRS), that were introduced by V. Serganova, are a generalization of finite root systems (RS). We define a generalization of affine root systems (ARS), which we call $\textit{affine generalized root systems}$ (AGRS). The set of real roots of almost every symmetrizable affine indecomposable Kac-Moody superalgebra is an irreducible AGRS. In this paper we classify all AGRSs and show that almost every irreducible AGRS is the set of real roots of a symmetrizable affine indecomposable Kac-Moody superalgebra.
The composition factors of Kac-modules for the general linear Lie superalgebras $gl_{m|n}$ are explicitly determined. In particular, a conjecture of Hughes, King and van der Jeugt in [J. Math. Phys., 41 (2000), 5064-5087] is proved.
We introduce a class of modules over Kac-Moody superalgebras; we call these modules snowflake. These modules are characterized by invariance property of their characters with respect to a certain subgroup of the Weyl group. Examples of snowflake modules appear as admissible modules in representation theory of affine vertex algebras and in classification of bounded weight modules. Using these modules we prove Arakawa's Theorem for the Lie superalgebra osp(1|2n).
A Jantzen type filtration for generalised Varma modules of Lie superalgebras is introduced. In the case of type I Lie superalgebras, it is shown that the generalised Jantzen filtration for any Kac module is the unique Loewy filtration, and the decomposition numbers of the layers of the filtration are determined by the coefficients of inverse Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. Furthermore, the length of the Jantzen filtration for any Kac module is determined explicitly in terms of the degree of atypicality of the highest weight. These results are applied to obtain a detailed description of the submod…
Let $\ggg:=\gl_{m|n}$ be a general linear Lie superalgebra over an algebraically closed field $\mathds{k}=\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p$ of characteristic $p>2$. A module of $\ggg$ is said to be of Kac-Weisfeiler if its dimension coincides with the dimensional lower bound in the super Kac-Weisfeiler property presented by Wang-Zhao in \cite{WZ}. In this paper, we verify the existence of the Kac-Weisfeiler modules for $\gl_{m|n}$. We also establish the corresponding consequence for the special linear Lie superalgebras $\mathfrak{sl}_{m|n}$ with restrictions $p>2$ and $p\nmid(m-n)$.
We introduce a non-degenerate bilinear form and use it to provide a new characterization of quantum Kac-Moody superalgebras with no isotropic odd simple roots. We show that the spin quiver Hecke algebras introduced by Kang-Kashiwara-Tsuchioka provide a categorification of half the quantum Kac-Moody superalgebras, using the recent work of Ellis-Khovanov-Lauda. A new idea here is that a super sign is categorified as spin (i.e., the parity-shift functor).
The study of denominator identities for Lie superalgebras was recently developed by M. Gorelik, V.G. Kac, P.Moseneder Frajria, I. Musson, P. Papi, M. Wakimoto and the author. In this paper we generalize these identities to the twisted affine case, completing the result to all affine Lie superalgebras.
Weyl denominator identity for the affinization of a basic Lie superalgebra with a non-zero Killing form was formulated by Kac and Wakimoto and was proven by them in defect one case. In this paper we prove this identity.
The exceptional infinite-dimensional linearly compact simple Lie superalgebra ${E}(5,10)$, which Kac believes, is the algebra of symmetries of the ${SU}_{5}$ Grand Unified Model. In this paper, we give a proof of Kac and Rudakov's conjecture about the classification of all the degenerate generalized Verma module over ${E}(5,10)$. Also, we work out all the nontrivial singular vectors degree by degree. It is a potential that the representation theory of ${E}(5,10)$ will shed new light on various features of the the ${SU}_{5}$ Grand unified model.
We prove the Weyl denominator identity for the affine Lie superalgebra gl(2|2)^ conjectured by V. Kac and M. Wakimoto. As it was pointed out in their paper, this gives another proof of Jacobi identity for the number of presentations of a given integer as a sum of eight squares.
In this paper, we investigate the supercategories consisting of supermodules over quiver Hecke superalgebras and cyclotomic quiver Hecke superalgebras. We prove that these supercategories provide a supercategorification of a certain family of quantum superalgebras and their integrable highest weight modules. We show that, by taking a specialization, we obtain a supercategorification of quantum Kac-Moody superalgebras and their integrable highest weight modules.
Irreducible nonzero level modules with finite-dimensional weight spaces are studied for non-twisted affine Lie superalgebras. A complete classification is obtained for superalgebras A(m,n)^ and C(n)^. In other cases the classification problem is reduced to the classification of cuspidal modules over finite-dimensional cuspidal Lie superalgebras described by Dimitrov, Mathieu and Penkov. It is also shown that any irreducible weakly integrable (in the sense of Kac and Wakimoto) module is highest weight.
This paper is a resolution of three related problems proposed by Yu. I. Manin and V. Kac for the so-called {\it{exceptional}} Lie superalgebras F(4) and G(3). The first problem posed by Kac (1978) is the problem of finding character and superdimension formulae for the simple modules. The second problem posed by Kac (1978) is the problem of classifying all indecomposable representations. The third problem posed by Manin (1981) is the problem of constructing the {\it{superanalogue}} of Borel-Weil-Bott theorem.
We construct a Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand type resolution in terms of direct sums of Kac modules for the finite-dimensional irreducible tensor representations of the general linear superalgebra. As a consequence it follows that the unique maximal submodule of a corresponding reducible Kac module is generated by its proper singular vector.
The composition factors and their multiplicities are determined for generalised Verma modules over the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra osp(k|2). The results enable us to obtain explicit formulae for the formal characters and dimensions of the finite-dimensional irreducible modules. Applying these results, we also compute the first and second cohomology groups of the Lie superalgebra with coefficients in finite-dimensional Kac modules and irreducible modules.
We construct a Borcherds Kac-Moody (BKM) superalgebra on which the Conway group Co$_0$ acts faithfully. We show that the BKM algebra is generated by the BRST-closed states in a chiral superstring theory. We use this construction to produce denominator identities for the chiral partition functions of the Conway module $V^{s\natural}$, a supersymmetric $c=12$ chiral conformal field theory whose (twisted) partition functions enjoy moonshine properties and which has automorphism group isomorphic to Co$_0$. In particular, these functions satisfy a genus zero property analogous to that of monstrous …
Tensor hierarchy algebras are infinite-dimensional generalisations of Cartan-type Lie superalgebras. They are not contragredient, exhibiting an asymmetry between positive and negative levels. These superalgebras have been a focus of attention due to the fundamental role they play for extended geometry. In the present paper, we examine tensor hierarchy algebras which are super-extensions of over-extended (often, hyperbolic) Kac--Moody algebras. They contain novel algebraic structures. Of particular interest is the extension of a over-extended algebra by its fundamental module, an extension that…
Let Uq(g) be the quantum affine superalgebra associated with an affine Kac-Moody superalgebra g which belongs to the three series osp(1|2n)^(1),sl(1|2n)^(2) and osp(2|2n)^(2). We develop vertex operator constructions for the level 1 irreducible integrable highest weight representations and classify the finite dimensional irreducible representations of Uq(g). This makes essential use of the Drinfeld realisation for Uq(g), and quantum correspondences between affine Kac-Moody superalgebras, developed in earlier papers.
We study three related topics in representation theory of classical Lie superalgebras. The first one is classification of primitive ideals, i.e. annihilator ideals of simple modules, and inclusions between them. The second topic concerns Arkhipov's twisting functors on the BGG category O. The third topic addresses deformed orbits of the Weyl group. These take over the role of the usual Weyl group orbits for Lie algebras, in the study of primitive ideals and twisting functors for Lie superalgebras.
We establish that for the type I Lie superalgebras $sl(m/n)$ and $osp(2/2n)$, each Kac module admits a 1 parameter family of indecomposable double extensions. The result follows from the explicit evaluation of the $H^1$ Lie superalgebra cohomology valued in the tensor product of the module and its dual.
We solve two problems in representation theory for the periplectic Lie superalgebra pe(n), namely the description of the primitive spectrum in terms of functorial realisations of the braid group and the decomposition of category O into indecomposable blocks. To solve the first problem we establish a new type of equivalence between category O for all (not just simple or basic) classical Lie superalgebras and a category of Harish-Chandra bimodules. The latter bimodules have a left action of the Lie superalgebra but a right action of the underlying Lie algebra. To solve the second problem we esta…
We study character rings of quasireductive Lie superalgebras and give a new proof of the Sergeev-Veselov theorem describing the character rings of finite-dimensional Kac-Moody superalgebras.
The generalized Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials for the finite dimensional irreducible representations of the general linear superalgebra are computed explicitly. Using the result we establish a one to one correspondence between the set of composition factors of an arbitrary $r$-fold atypical $gl_{m|n}$-Kac-module and the set of composition factors of some $r$-fold atypical $gl_{r|r}$-Kac-module. The result of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials is also applied to prove a conjectural character formula put forward by van der Jeugt et al in the late 80s. We simplify this character formula to cast it into th…
We study a family of Siegel modular forms that are constructed using Jacobi forms that arise in Umbral moonshine. All but one of them arise as the Weyl-Kac-Borcherds denominator formula of some Borcherds-Kac-Moody (BKM) Lie superalgebras. These Lie superalgebras have a $\widehat{sl(2)}$ subalgebra which we use to study the Siegel modular forms. We show that the expansion of the Umbral Jacobi forms in terms of $\widehat{sl(2)}$ characters leads to vector-valued modular forms. We obtain closed formulae for these vector-valued modular forms. In the Lie algebraic context, the Fourier coefficients …
We show that, for many Lie superalgebras admitting a compatible $\mathbb{Z}$-grading, Kac induction functor gives rise to a bijection between simple supermodules over a Lie superalgebra and simple supermodules over the even part of this Lie superalgebra. This reduces the classification problem for the former to the one for the latter. Our result applies to all classical Lie superalgebra of type $I$, in particular, to the general linear Lie superalgebra $\gl(m|n)$. In the latter case we also show that the rough structure of simple $\gl(m|n)$-supermodules and also that of Kac supermodules depend…
We show that the quiver Hecke superalgebras and their cyclotomic quotients provide a supercategorification of quantum Kac-Moody algebras and their integrable highest weight modules.
Construction of matryoshka nested indecomposable N-replications of Kac-modules of quasi-reductive Lie superalgebras, including the sl(m/n) and osp(2/2n) series
本文构造了一类新的有限维不可分解表示，通过递归嵌入 N 个不可约表示副本并用广义 Cabibbo 角耦合，以解释标准模型中三代费米子的存在，并将构造推广到拟约化李超代数。
We prove Conjecture 5.7 in [arXiv:1409.2532], describing all inclusions between primitive ideals for the general linear superalgebra in terms of the Ext1-quiver of simple highest weight modules. For arbitrary basic classical Lie superalgebras, we formulate two types of Kazhdan-Lusztig quasi-orders on the dual of the Cartan subalgebra, where one corresponds to the above conjecture. Both orders can be seen as generalisations of the left Kazhdan-Lusztig order on Hecke algebras and are related to categorical braid group actions. We prove that the primitive spectrum is always described by one of th…
We define and describe simple complex Lie superalgbras of vector fields on "supercircles" - simple stringy superalgebras. There are four series of such algebras and four exceptional stringy superalgebras. The 13 of the simple stringy Lie superalgebras are distinguished: only they have nontrivial central extensions; since two of the distinguish algebras have 3 nontrivial central extensions each, there are exactly 16 superizations of the Liouville action, Schroedinger equation, KdV hierarchy, etc. We also present the three nontrivial cocycles on the N=4 extended Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond superalg…
In this paper, we study the simple modules for the restricted Lie superalgebra $gl(m|n)$. A condition for the simplicity of the induced modules is given, and an analogue of Kac-Weisfeiler theorem is proved.
We study a class of modules, called Chari-Venkatesh modules, for the current superalgebra $\mathfrak{sl}(1|2)[t]$. This class contains other important modules, such as graded local Weyl, truncated local Weyl and Demazure-type modules. We prove that Chari-Venkatesh modules can be realized as fusion products of generalized Kac modules. In particular, this proves Feigin and Loktev's conjecture, that fusion products are independent of their fusion parameters in the case where the fusion factors are generalized Kac modules. As an application of our results, we obtain bases, dimension and character …
We construct a new family of irreducible modules over any basic classical affine Kac-Moody Lie superalgebra which are induced from modules over the Heisenberg subalgebra. We also obtain irreducible deformations of these modules for the quantum affine superalgebra of type A.
Let $Γ$ be a countable abelian semigroup and $A$ be a countable abelian group satisfying a certain finiteness condition. Suppose that a group $G$ acts on a $(Γ\times A)$-graded Lie superalgebra ${\frak L}=\bigoplus_{(α,a) \in Γ\times A} {\frak L}_{(α,a)}$ by Lie superalgebra automorphisms preserving the $(Γ\times A)$-gradation. In this paper, we show that the Euler-Poincaré principle yields the generalized denominator identity for ${\frak L}$ and derive a closed form formula for the supertraces $\text{str}(g|{\frak L}_{(α,a)})$ for all $g\in G$,$(α,a) \in Γ\times A$. We discuss the application…
The description of irreducible finite dimensional representations of finite dimensional solvable Lie superalgebras over complex numbers given by V.~Kac is refined. In reality these representations are not just induced from a polarization but twisted, as infinite dimensional representations of solvable Lie algebras. Various cases of irreducibility (general and of type Q) are classified.
We show that a set of monic polynomials in the free Lie superalgebra is a Gröbner-Shirshov basis for a Lie superalgebra if and only if it is a Gröbner-Shirshov basis for its universal enveloping algebra. We investigate the structure of Gröbner-Shirshov bases for Kac-Moody superalgebras and give explicit constructions of Gröbner-Shirshov bases for classical Lie superalgebras.
We compute the complexity, z-complexity, and support varieties of the (thick) Kac modules for the Lie superalgebras of type P. We also show the complexity and the z-complexity have geometric interpretations in terms of support and associated varieties; these results are in agreement with formulas previously discovered for other classes of Lie superalgebras. Our main technical tool is a recursive algorithm for constructing projective resolutions for the Kac modules. The indecomposable projective summands which appear in a given degree of the resolution are explicitly described using the combina…
