Scaling Limits for Minimal and Random Spanning Trees in Two Dimensions

The local limit of uniform spanning trees

We show that the local limit of the uniform spanning tree on any finite, simple, connected, regular graph sequence with degree tending to infinity is the Poisson(1) branching process conditioned to survive forever. An extension to "almost" regular graphs and a quenched version are also given.

Spectral dimension and random walks on the two dimensional uniform spanning tree

We study simple random walk on the uniform spanning tree on Z^2 . We obtain estimates for the transition probabilities of the random walk, the distance of the walk from its starting point after n steps, and exit times of both Euclidean balls and balls in the intrinsic graph metric. In particular, we prove that the spectral dimension of the uniform spanning tree on Z^2 is 16/13 almost surely.

Spanning Tree Bounds for Grid Graphs

Among subgraphs with a fixed number of vertices of the regular square lattice, we prove inequalities that essentially say that those with smaller boundaries have larger numbers of spanning trees and vice-versa. As an application, we relate two commonly used measurements of the compactness of district maps.

The number of spanning clusters of the uniform spanning tree in three dimensions

Let ${\mathcal U}_δ$ be the uniform spanning tree on $δ\mathbb{Z}^{3}$. A spanning cluster of ${\mathcal U}_δ$ is a connected component of the restriction of ${\mathcal U}_δ$ to the unit cube $[0,1]^{3}$ that connects the left face $\{ 0 \} \times [0,1]^{2}$ to the right face $\{ 1 \} \times [0,1]^{2}$. In this note, we will prove that the number of the spanning clusters is tight as $δ\to 0$, which resolves an open question raised by Benjamini (1999).

Pfaffian formulas for spanning tree probabilities

We show that certain topologically defined uniform spanning tree probabilities for graphs embedded in an annulus can be computed as linear combinations of Pfaffians of matrices involving the line-bundle Green's function, where the coefficients count cover-inclusive Dyck tilings of skew Young diagrams.

Uniform spanning trees on Sierpinski graphs

We study spanning trees on Sierpinski graphs (i.e., finite approximations to the Sierpinski gasket) that are chosen uniformly at random. We construct a joint probability space for uniform spanning trees on every finite Sierpinski graph and show that this construction gives rise to a multi-type Galton-Watson tree. We derive a number of structural results, for instance on the degree distribution. The connection between uniform spanning trees and loop-erased random walk is then exploited to prove convergence of the latter to a continuous stochastic process. Some geometric properties of this limit…

The GHP scaling limit of uniform spanning trees of dense graphs

We consider dense graph sequences that converge to a connected graphon and prove that the GHP scaling limit of their uniform spanning trees is Aldous' Brownian CRT. Furthermore, we are able to extract the precise scaling constant from the limiting graphon. As an example, we can apply this to the scaling limit of the uniform spanning trees of the Erdös-Rényi sequence $(G(n,p))_{n \geq 1}$ for any fixed $p \in (0,1]$, and sequences of dense expanders. A consequence of GHP convergence is that several associated quantities of the spanning trees also converge, such as the height, diameter and law o…

随机选择生成树

Random choice spanning trees

本文提出选择生成树模型，基于选择随机游走构建，证明其缩放极限为随机聚合树的变体，并扩展了环擦除收敛到广义Rayleigh过程的结果。

Volume and heat kernel fluctuations for the three-dimensional uniform spanning tree

Let $\mathcal{U}$ be the uniform spanning tree on $\mathbb{Z}^{3}$. We show the occurrence of log-logarithmic fluctuations around the leading order for the volume of intrinsic balls in $\mathcal{U}$. As an application, we obtain similar fluctuations for the quenched heat kernel of the simple random walk on $\mathcal{U}$.

Asymptotic Enumeration of Spanning Trees

We give new general formulas for the asymptotics of the number of spanning trees of a large graph. A special case answers a question of McKay (1983) for regular graphs. The general answer involves a quantity for infinite graphs that we call "tree entropy", which we show is a logarithm of a normalized determinant of the graph Laplacian for infinite graphs. Tree entropy is also expressed using random walks. We relate tree entropy to the metric entropy of the uniform spanning forest process on quasi-transitive amenable graphs, extending a result of Burton and Pemantle (1993).

有向生成树与有向图的平稳分布

Oriented spanning trees and stationary distribution of digraphs

本文利用有向图的双团划分，建立了有向生成树数目、平稳分布和Kemeny常数的约化公式，并推广了Knuth和Levine的结果。

Spanning tree size in Random Binary Search Trees

This paper deals with the size of the spanning tree of p randomly chosen nodes in a binary search tree. It is shown via generating functions methods, that for fixed p, the (normalized) spanning tree size converges in law to the Normal distribution. The special case p=2 reproves the recent result (obtained by the contraction method by Mahmoud and Neininger [Ann. Appl. Probab. 13 (2003) 253-276]), that the distribution of distances in random binary search trees has a Gaussian limit law. In the proof we use the fact that the spanning tree size is closely related to the number of passes in Multipl…

The number of ends in the uniform spanning tree for recurrent unimodular random graphs

We prove that if a unimodular random rooted graph is recurrent, the number of ends of its uniform spanning tree is almost surely equal to the number of ends of the graph. Together with previous results in the transient case, this completely resolves the problem of the number of ends of wired uniform spanning forest components in unimodular random rooted graphs and confirms a conjecture of Aldous and Lyons (2006).

The diameter of the uniform spanning tree of dense graphs

We show that the diameter of a uniformly drawn spanning tree of a simple connected graph on $n$ vertices with minimal degree linear in $n$ is typically of order $\sqrt{n}$. A byproduct of our proof, which is of independent interest, is that on such graphs the Cheeger constant and the spectral gap are comparable.

The diameter of uniform spanning trees in high dimensions

We show that the diameter of a uniformly drawn spanning tree of a connected graph on $n$ vertices which satisfies certain high-dimensionality conditions typically grows like $Θ(\sqrt{n})$. In particular this result applies to expanders, finite tori $\mathbb{Z}_m^d$ of dimension $d \geq 5$, the hypercube $\{0,1\}^m$, and small perturbations thereof.