Joaquim Roe
We address the problem of determining the degree a plane curve must have in order to pass with multiplicity m through r points in general position. A conjecture of Nagata states that one must have d > m \sqrt{r}. We prove the inequalities d \geq m(r-1)\prod_{i=2}^{r-1}(1-i/(i^2+r-1)) and d > m (\sqrt{r-1} - π/8).
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We study the existence of Artin-Schreier curves with large $ a$-number. We also give bounds on the $a$-number of trigonal curves of genus $5$ in small characteristic.
We will use toric degenerations of the projective plane ${\mathbb{P}^ 2}$ to give a new proof of the triple points interpolation problems in the projective plane. We also give a complete list of toric surfaces that are useful as components in this degeneration.
This note pursues the techniques of modified psi classes on the stack of stable maps (cf. [Graber-Kock-Pandharipande]) to give concise solutions to the characteristic number problem of rational curves in P^2 or P^1 x P^1 with a cusp or a prescribed triple contact. The classes of such loci are computed in terms of modified psi classes, diagonal classes, and certain codimension-2 boundary classes. Via topological recursions the generating functions for the numbers can then be expressed in terms of the usual characteristic number potentials.
Let $d,m_1,...,m_r$ be ($r+1$) positive integers, and $P_1,...,P_r$ be $r$ general points in the projective plane ; let $m$ be a positive integer. We prove that there exists a bound $d_0(m)$ such that : If $m_i < m$ ($0<i<r+1$), and $d > d_0(m)$ then the linear system $L$ of plane curves of degree $d$ having a multiplicity at least $m_i$ at each point $P_i$ has the expected dimension ; moreover, if $L$ is not empty, there exists an irreducible plane curve of degree $d$, smooth away from the $r$ points $P_i$, and having an ordinary singularity of the prescribed multiplicity $m_i$ at each point …
On the degree of curves with prescribed multiplicities and bounded negativity
本文研究射影平面中具有指定重数的曲线次数下界与 Seshadri 型常数上界，并探讨以射影平面为相对极小模型的有理曲面上的有界负性猜想。
We study genus 3 hyperelliptic curves which have an extra involution. The locus $Ł_3$ of these curves is a 3-dimensional subvariety in the genus 3 hyperelliptic moduli $\H_3$. We find a birational parametrization of this locus by affine 3-space. For every moduli point $\p \in \H_3$ such that $|\Aut (\p)|>2$, the field of moduli is a field of definition. We provide a rational model of the curve over its field of moduli for all moduli points $\p \in \H_3$ such that $|\Aut(\p)|>4$. This is the first time that such a rational model of these curves appears in the literature.
Let $p$ be a prime and $K$ a number field of degree $p$. We count the number of elliptic curves, up to $\bar{K}$-isomorphism, having a prescribed property, where this property is either that the curve contains a fixed torsion group as a subgroup, or that it has an isogeny of prescribed degree.
We report on the problem of the existence of complex and real algebraic curves in the plane with prescribed singularities up to analytic and topological equivalence. The question is whether, for a given positive integer $d$ and a finite number of given analytic or topological singularity types, there exist a plane (irreducible) curve of degree $d$ having singular points of the given type as its only singularities. The set of all such curves is a quasi-projective variety, which we call an equisingular family (ESF). We describe, in terms of numerical invariants of the curves and their singularit…
The paper's main result is an effective uniform bound for the finiteness statement of the Shafarevich Conjecture over function fields. Several results on the projective geometry of curves are established in the course of the proof. These results should be of independent interest. As a corollary, a uniform effective bound for the Mordell Conjecture over function fields is derived via Parshin's trick.
We prove that all elliptic curves over quadratic fields with a subgroup isomorphic to $C_{16}$, as well as all elliptic curves over cubic fields with a subgroup isomorphic to $C_2\times C_{14}$, are base changes of elliptic curves defined over $\Q$. We obtain these results by studying geometric properties of modular curves and maps between modular curves, and then obtaining a modular description of these curves and maps.
We consider coverings of real algebraic curves to real rational algebraic curves. We show the existence of such coverings having prescribed topological degree on the real locus. From those existence results we prove some results on Brill-Noether Theory for pencils on real curves. For coverings having topological degree 0 we introduce the covering number k and we prove the existence of coverings of degree 4 with prescribed covering number.
Let $C \subset \mathbb {P}^r$ a general embedding of prescribed degree of a general smooth curve with prescribed genus. Here we prove that either $h^0(\mathbb {P}^r,\mathcal {I}_C(2)) =0$ or $h^1(\mathbb {P}^r,\mathcal {I}_C(2)) =0$ (a problem called the Maximal Rank Conjecture in the range of quadrics).
Brill-Noether loci of pencils with prescribed ramification on moduli of curves and on Severi varieties on $K3$ surfaces
研究了具有指定分支的圆柱面在曲线模空间和$K3$表面塞维里品种上的Brill-Noether定位，并探讨了其在$K3$表面对应关系和循环中的应用。
Classification of equivariantly normal curves via Altmann-Hausen-Süss theory
在特征为正的完美基域上，利用阿尔特曼 - 豪森 - 苏斯理论对具有规定商的等变正规曲线进行分类，得到同构类数量上界，并在代数闭域条件下确定其有限或无限的情况。
Throughout this paper we study the existence of irreducible curves C on smooth projective surfaces S with singular points of prescribed topological types S_1,...,S_r. There are necessary conditions for the existence of the type \sum_{i=1}^r μ(S_i) < aC^2+bC.K+c+1 for some fixed divisor K on S and suitable coefficients a, b and c, and the main sufficient condition that we find is of the same type, saying it is asymptotically optimal. Even for the case where S is the projective plane, ten years ago general results of this quality have not been known. An important ingredient for the proof is a va…
Mazur's theorem states that there are exactly 15 possibilities for the torsion subgroup of an elliptic curve over the rational numbers. We determine how often each of these groups actually occurs. Precisely, if $G$ is one of these 15 groups, we show that the number of elliptic curves up to height $X$ whose torsion subgroup is isomorphic to $G$ is on the order of $X^{1/d}$, for some number $d=d(G)$ which we compute.
For a given elliptic curve $E_0$ defined over a number field $k$, we construct two families of elliptic curves whose mod 3 representations are isomorphic to that of $E_0$. The isomorphisms in the first family are symplectic, and those in the second family are anti-symplectic. Our construction is based on the notion of Hessian and Cayleyan curves in classical geometry.
Using degeneration and Schubert calculus, we consider the problem of computing the number of linear series of given degree $d$ and dimension $r$ on a general curve of genus $g$ satisfying prescribed incidence conditions at $n$ points. We determine these numbers completely for linear series of arbitrary dimension when $d$ is sufficiently large, and for all $d$ when either $r=1$ or $n=r+2$. Our formulas generalize and give new proofs of recent results of Tevelev and of Cela-Pandharipande-Schmitt.
The locus of curves with prescribed automorphism group
本文研究具有给定自同构群的亏格 g 曲线的轨迹及其包含关系，完全分类了 g=3 的情形，并对 g≤10 时的大群情形进行了分类。
Some classical formulæ for curves and surfaces
本文研究了曲线和曲面的切线数目计算问题，通过Salmon的方法确定了三切平面和带有切点的曲线平面的数目。
We prove that there exists a>0 such that for any integer d>2 and any topological types S_1,...,S_n of plane curve singularities, satisfying $μ(S_1)+...+μ(S_n) \leq ad^2$, there exists a reduced irreducible plane curve of degree d with exactly n singular points of types S_1,...,S_n, respectively. This estimate is optimal with respect to the exponent of d. In particular, we prove that for any topological type S there exists an irreducible polynomial of degree $d \leq 14\sqrt{μ(S)}$ having a singular point of type S.
In this paper we prove the algebraic-tropical correspondence for stable maps of rational curves with marked points to toric varieties such that the marked points are mapped to given orbits in the big torus and in the boundary divisor, the map has prescribed tangency to the boundary divisor, and certain quadruples of marked points have prescribed cross-ratios. In particular, our results generalize the results of Nishinou and Siebert. The proof is very short, involves only the standard theory of schemes, and works in arbitrary characteristic (including the mixed characteristic case).
We construct Weil numbers corresponding to genus-2 curves with $p$-rank 1 over the finite field $\F_{p^2}$ of $p^2$ elements. The corresponding curves can be constructed using explicit CM constructions. In one of our algorithms, the group of $\F_{p^2}$-valued points of the Jacobian has prime order, while another allows for a prescribed embedding degree with respect to a subgroup of prescribed order. The curves are defined over $\F_{p^2}$ out of necessity: we show that curves of $p$-rank 1 over $\F_p$ for large $p$ cannot be efficiently constructed using explicit CM constructions.
In this paper, we show that there exist families of curves (defined over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p >2$) whose Jacobians have interesting $p$-torsion. For example, for every $0 \leq f \leq g$, we find the dimension of the locus of hyperelliptic curves of genus $g$ with $p$-rank at most $f$. We also produce families of curves so that the $p$-torsion of the Jacobian of each fibre contains multiple copies of the group scheme $α_p$. The method is to study curves which admit an action by $(\ZZ/2)^n$ so that the quotient is a projective line. As a result, some of these fa…
Interpolation for rational curves with secants
研究在任意特征下，确定 $\mathbb{P}^r$ 中次数为 $d$ 的有理曲线通过一般点的最大数量，并附加沿线性空间的割线条件，分别考虑曲线上点未指定和指定的情况，通过法丛和限制切丛的确定来解决问题。
We prove two statements concerning the linear strand of the minimal free resolution of a curve of fixed gonality. Firstly, we show that a general curve C of genus g of non-maximal gonality k\leq (g+1)/2 satisfies Schreyer's Conjecture, that is, b_{g-k,1}(C,K_C)=g-k, and all its highest order linear syzygies are of Eagon-Northcott type. This is a statement going beyond Green's Conjecture and predicts that all highest order linear syzygies in the canonical embedding of C are determined by the syzygies of the (k-1)-dimensional scroll containing C. Secondly, we formulate an optimal effective versi…
We use twisted stable maps to compute the number of rational degree d plane curves having prescribed contacts to a smooth plane cubic.
We study the existence of components with the expected number of moduli of the Hilbert scheme of integral nodal curves $C \subset \mathbb {P}^r$ with prescribed degree, arithmetic genus and number of singular points.
Neighborhoods of curves with a prescribed number of foliations
本研究针对n维射影空间中连通射影曲线的邻域问题，构造了恰好带指定数目余维1全纯叶状结构的n维非紧复流形，确定其亚纯函数域的可能形式，推广并改进了曲面情形的相关结果。
We study the structure of the Mordell--Weil group of elliptic curves over number fields of degree 2, 3, and 4. We show that if $T$ is a group, then either the class of all elliptic curves over quadratic fields with torsion subgroup $T$ is empty, or it contains curves of rank~0 as well as curves of positive rank. We prove a similar but slightly weaker result for cubic and quartic fields. On the other hand, we find a group $T$ and a quartic field $K$ such that among the elliptic curves over $K$ with torsion subgroup $T$, there are curves of positive rank, but none of rank~0. We find examples of …
Artin-Schreier curves of prescribed p-rank without extra automorphisms
该研究针对奇素数p，构造了无额外自同构的指定p-秩的Artin-Schreier曲线，确定了自同构群仅为Cp的精确数值范围，通过Valentini-Madan定理及相关界完成例外族排除。
Let C be a complex smooth projective algebraic curve endowed with an action of a finite group G such that the quotient curve has genus at least 3. We prove that if the G-curve C is very general for these properties, then the natural map from the group algebra QG to the algebra of Q-endomorphisms of its Jacobian is an isomorphism. We use this to obtain (topological) properties regarding certain virtual linear representations of a mapping class group. For example, we show that the connected component of the Zariski closure of such a representation acts Q-irreducibly in a G-isogeny space of H^1(C…
We present an algorithm for computing curves and families of curves of prescribed degree and geometric genus on real rational surfaces.
Patchworking theorems serve as a basic element of the correspondence between tropical and algebraic curves, which is a core of the tropical enumerative geometry. We present a new version of a patchworking theorem which relates plane tropical curves with complex and real algebraic curves having prescribed multiple points. It can be used to compute Welschinger invariants of non-toric Del Pezzo surfaces.
We study minimal rational curves on a complex manifold that are tangent to a distribution. In this setting, the variety of minimal rational tangents (VMRT) has to be isotropic with respect to the Levi tensor of the distribution. Our main result is a converse of this: any smooth projective variety isotropic with respect to a vector-valued anti-symmetric form can be realized as VMRT of minimal rational curves tangent to a distribution on a complex manifold. The complex manifold is constructed as a partial equivariant compactification of a metabelian group, which is a result of independent intere…
Compactified moduli spaces and Hecke correspondences for elliptic curves with a prescribed $N$-torsion scheme
本文研究了具有给定N- torsion方案的椭圆曲线的紧化模空间和海克对应关系，证明了在特定环上存在参数化椭圆曲线的光滑仿射曲线，并描述了其紧化及海克对应关系。
Let $C$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$. Fix an integer $r\geq 0$, and let $\underline{k}=(k_1,\ldots,k_n)$ be a sequence of positive integers with $k_1+\ldots+k_n=g-1$. We study $n$-pointed curves $(C,p_1,\ldots,p_n)$ such that the line bundle $L:=O_C\left(\sum_{i=1}^n k_i p_i\right)$ is a theta-characteristic such that $h^0\left(C,L\right)$ is at least $r+1$ and it has the same parity as $r+1$. We prove that they describe a sublocus $\mathcal{G}^r_g(\underline{k})$ of $\mathcal{M}_{g,n}$ having codimension at most $g-1+\frac{r(r-1)}{2}$. Moreover, for any $r\geq 0$, $\underli…
We describe a construction of plane quartics with prescribed Galois operation on the 28 bitangents, in the particular case of a Galois invariant Steiner hexad. As an application, we solve the inverse Galois problem for degree two del Pezzo surfaces in the corresponding particular case.
We consider the problem of bounding the dimension of the linear system of curves in ${\bf P}^2$ of degree $d$ with prescribed multiplicities $m_1,...,m_n$ at $n$ general points (\cite{Hir1},\cite{Hir2}). We propose a new method, based on the work of Ciliberto and Miranda (\cite {CM1}, \cite {CM2}), by specializing the general points to an elliptic curve in ${\bf P}^2$.
Counting Plane Cubic Curves over Finite Fields with a Prescribed Number of Rational Intersection Points
研究有限域上无公共分量且有规定数量有理交点的平面三次曲线数量，通过设置为射影里德 - 穆勒码的重量枚举器问题，利用计算有公共分量曲线对等方法及麦克威廉姆斯定理变体来求解。
We describe a construction of plane quartics with prescribed Galois operation on the 28 bitangents, in the particular case of a Galois invariant Cayley octad. As an application, we solve the inverse Galois problem for degree two del Pezzo surfaces in the corresponding particular case.
In this present paper, we study the splitting of nodal plane curves with respect to contact conics. We define the notion of splitting type of such curves and show that it can be used as an invariant to distinguish the embedded topology of plane curves. We also give a criterion to determine the splitting type in terms of the configuration of the nodes and tangent points. As an application, we construct sextics and contact conics with prescribed splitting types, which give rise to new Zariski-triples.
Reconstruction of real algebraic functions into curves with prescribed Reeb graphs
本文首次研究将光滑实代数映射重构为曲线值函数并使其Reeb图与任意给定有限图一致的问题，推广了Sharko等人的可微情形工作，为实代数几何提供了新的显式构造方法。
Algebraic and symplectic curves of degree 8
本文研究8次不可约射影平面曲线在代数与辛两种情形下具有指定奇点拓扑类型的存在性问题。
Nonsingular plane curves over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ of degree $q+2$ passing through all the $\mathbb{F}_q$-points of the plane admita representation by $3\times 3$ matrices over $\mathbb{F}_q$. We classify their degenerations by means of the matrix representation, and also discuss the similar problem for the affine-plane filling curves of degree $q+1$.
Let $p$ be a large prime, and let $C$ be a hyperelliptic curve over $\mathbb{F}_p$. We study the distribution of the $x$-coordinates in short intervals when the $y$-coordinates lie in a prescribed interval, and the distribution of the distance between consecutive $x$-coordinates with the same property. Next, let $g(P,P_0)$ be a rational function of two points on $C$. We study the distribution of the above distances with an extra condition that $g(P_i,P_{i+1})$ lies in a prescribed interval, for any consecutive points $P_i,P_{i+1}$.
We prove the existence of regular foliations with a prescribed tangency divisor in neighborhoods of negatively embedded holomorphic curves; this is related to a linearization theorem due to Grauert. We give also examples of neighborhoods which can not be linearized.
Designing mechanical devices, called linkages, that draw a given plane curve has been a topic that interested engineers and mathematicians for hundreds of years, and recently also computer scientists. Already in 1876, Kempe proposed a procedure for solving the problem in full generality, but his constructions tend to be extremely complicated. We provide a novel algorithm that produces much simpler linkages, but works only for parametric curves. Our approach is to transform the problem into a factorization task over some noncommutative algebra. We show how to compute such a factorization, and h…
Gendron proved that the strata of holomorphic differentials with prescribed orders of zeros do not contain complete algebraic curves by applying the maximum modulus principle to saddle connections. Here we provide an alternative proof for this result by using positivity of divisor classes on moduli spaces of curves.
We compute the Gromov-Witten invariants of the projective plane blown up in r general points. These are determined by associativity from r+1 intial values. Applications are given to the enumeration of rational plane curves with prescribed multiplicities at fixed general points. We show that the numbers are enumerative if at least one of the prescribed multiplicities is 1 or 2. In particular, all the invariants for r<=8 (the Del Pezzo case) are enumerative.
We present an efficient deterministic algorithm which outputs exact expressions in terms of $n$ for the number of monic degree $n$ irreducible polynomials over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ of characteristic $p$ for which the first $l < p$ coefficients are prescribed, provided that $n$ is coprime to $p$. Each of these counts is $\frac{1}{n}(q^{n-l} + \mathcal{O}(q^{n/2}))$. The main idea behind the algorithm is to associate to an equivalent problem a set of Artin-Schreier curves defined over $\mathbb{F}_q$ whose number of $\mathbb{F}_{q^n}$-rational affine points must be combined. This is accomplished by c…
We study rational cuspidal curves in Hirzebruch surfaces. We provide two obstructions for the existence of rational cuspidal curves in Hirzebruch surfaces with prescribed types of singular points. The first result comes from Heegaard--Floer theory and is a generalization of a result by Livingston and the first author. The second criterion is obtained by comparing the spectrum of a suitably defined link at infinity of a curve with spectra of its singular points.
On maximizing curves of degree $7$
本文研究带指定${\ m ADE}$奇点的7次极大化曲线的存在性，证明了这类极大化七次曲线不存在，同时给出了带${\ m ADE}$奇点、自由但非极大化的二次曲线-直线排列新例子。
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