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arXiv math/9711223math.LO
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可数结构的控制数

Dominating numbers for countable structures

Saharon Shelah

摘要:

本文讨论了稀疏性的某些推广及其组合等价形式。一个最简单的例子,也是这个领域进一步研究的动机,来自于考虑以下定义:一个集合X subseteq R被称为Q无处稠密的当且仅当对于每个有理q,存在整数k,使得端点为q和q+1/k的区间与X不相交。一个集合是可数个Q-无处稠密集的并,称为Q-非常稀疏。Steprans考虑了覆盖实数线所需的最少数量的Q-稀疏集,用d_1表示。他表明,有一个连续函数H -首先由勒贝格-这样的最少数量的光滑函数到H可以分解为等于d_1。本文将进一步研究d_1及其某些推广。同时,在Q-稀疏性和树的某些组合性质之间建立了一个等价关系。这将导致新的基数不变量和各种独立的结果,这些将建立。

英文摘要:

This paper is concerned with certain generalizations of meagreness and their combinatorial equivalents. The simplest example, and the one which motivated further study in this area, comes about by considering the following definition: a set X subseteq R is said to be Q-nowhere dense if and only if for every rational q there exists and integer k such that the interval whose endpoints are q and q+1/k is disjoint from X. A set which is the union of countably many Q-nowhere dense sets will be called Q-very meagre. Steprans considered the least number of Q-meagre sets required to cover the real line and denoted by d_1. He showed that there is a continuous function H --- first constructed by Lebesgue --- such that the least number of smooth functions into which H can be decomposed is equal to d_1. This paper will further study d_1 and some of its generalizations. As well, an equivalence will be established between Q-meagreness and certain combinatorial properties of trees. This will lead to new cardinal invariants and various independence results about these will then be established.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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