Jason Michael Starr
This article proves hypersurfaces of degree d in projective n-space are "rationally simply-connected" if $d^2 \leq n$. In a forthcoming paper, de Jong and I prove a slightly weaker result when $d^2 \leq n+1$.
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We prove a conjecture of Voisin that no two distinct points on a very general hypersurface of degree $2n$ in ${\mathbb P}^n$ are rationally equivalent.
Rationally Simply Connected Hypersurfaces in Orthogonal Grassmannians
本文研究正交格拉斯曼流形中低次超曲面的有理曲线模空间，并证明满足特定条件的超曲面具有有理数单连通性。
Under suitable hypotheses, we prove that a form of a projective homogeneous variety $G/P$ defined over the function field of a surface over an algebraically closed field has a rational point. The method uses an algebro-geometric analogue of simple connectedness replacing the unit interval by the projective line. As a consequence, we complete the proof of Serre's Conjecture II in Galois cohomology for function fields over an algebraically closed field.
We prove that a general Fano hypersurface in a projective space over an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic is separably rationally connected.
A complex projective manifold is rationally connected, resp. rationally simply connected, if finite subsets are connected by a rational curve, resp. the spaces parameterizing these connecting rational curves are themselves rationally connected. We prove that a projective scheme over a global function field with vanishing "elementary obstruction" has a rational point if it deforms to a rationally simply connected variety in characteristic 0. This gives new, uniform proofs over these fields of the Period-Index Theorem, the quasi-split case of Serre's "Conjecture II", and Lang's $C_2$ property.
Tight approximation for rationally simply connected varieties
研究证明了从复平滑射影曲线开子集到有理单纯连通品种的全纯映射可被代数映射在紧开拓扑下近似，并推导出相关结论。
Families of singular algebraic varieties that are rationally elliptic spaces
本文研究了具有有限理性同调秩和同调群秩之和的奇异代数簇族，证明了此类无限光滑理性椭圆 3 折叠族不存在。
The cohomological dimension of a field is the largest degree with non-vanishing Galois cohomology. Serre's "Conjecture II" predicts that for every perfect field of cohomological dimension $2$, every torsor over the field for a semisimple, simply connected algebraic group is trivial. A field is perfect and "pseudo algebraically closed" (PAC) if every geometrically irreducible curve over the field has a rational point. These have cohomological dimension $1$. Every transcendence degree $1$ extension of such a field has cohomological degree $2$. We prove Serre's "Conjecture II" for such fields of …
Separable rational connectedness and $k$-plane sections of hypersurfaces
该研究证明了在特定条件下，超曲面具有可分离的有理连通性，并探讨了k-平面截面与线性截面空间的关系。
This is a continuation of "Rational curves on hypersurfaces of low degree", math.AG/0203088. We prove that if d^2+d+1 < n and d > 2, then for a general hypersurface X_d in P^n of degree d, for each degree e the space of rational curves of degree e on X is itself a rationally connected variety.
This is a survey of weak approximation over complex function fields, touching on the Koll'ar-Miyaoka-Mori theorem, places of good and bad reduction, the special case of rational surfaces, rationally simply connected varieties, and applications to low-degree complete intersections.
Rationally connected rational double covers of primitive Fano varieties
本研究证明M≥5时P^{M+1}中M+1次Zariski一般超曲面不存在阿贝尔群的高次Galois有理连通覆盖，尤其不存在2次有理连通有理映射，该结论可推广至其他本原Fano簇并启发绝对刚性猜想。
In this note we classify simply connected rationally elliptic compact toric orbifolds up to algebraic isomorphism.
For a Zariski general (regular) hypersurface $V$ of degree $M$ in the $(M+1)$-dimensional projective space, where $M$ is at least 16, with at most quadratic singularities of rank at least 13, we give a complete description of the structures of rationally connected (or Fano-Mori) fibre space: every such structure over a positive-dimensional base is a pencil of hyperplane sections. This implies, in particular, that $V$ is non-rational and its groups of birational and biregular automorphisms coincide. The set of non-regular hypersurfaces has codimension at least $\frac12(M-11)(M-10)-10$ in the na…
The rationality problem for hypersurfaces of degree at least five
本文证明次数至少为五的非常一般超曲面不具有对角分解，从而非稳定或收缩有理，通过构造具有非零非分歧上同调类且由二次曲面纤维化的五次超曲面完成证明。
We prove that every non-trivial structure of a rationally connected fibre space (and so every structure of a Mori-Fano fibre space) on a general (in the sense of Zariski topology) hypersurface of degree $M$ in the $(M+1)$-dimensional projective space for $M\geq 14$ is given by a pencil of hyperplane sections. In particular, the variety $V$ is non-rational and its group of birational self-maps coincide with the group of biregular automorphisms and is therefore trivial. The proof is based on the techniques of the method of maximal singularities and the inversion of adjunction.
We prove among other things that a general Calabi-Yau hypersurface in projective space is not rationally swept out by abelian varieties of dimension greater than or equal to 2.
In this paper, the technique of foliations in characteristic $p$ is used to investigate the difference between rational connectedness and separable rational connectedness in positive characteristic. The notion of being freely rationally connected is defined; a variety is freely rationally connected if a general pair of points can be connected by a free rational curve. It is proved that a freely rationally connected variety admits a finite purely inseparable morphism to a separably rationally connected variety. As an application, a generalized Graber-Harris-Starr type theorem in positive charac…
In this paper we try to further explore the linear model of the moduli of rational maps. Our attempt yields following results. Let $X\subset \mathbf P^n$ be a generic hypersurface of degree $h$. Let $R_d(X, h)$ denote the open set of the Hilbert scheme parameterizing irreducible rational curves of degree $d$ on $X$. We obtain that (1) If $4\leq h\leq n-1$, $R_d(X, h)$ is an integral, local complete intersection of dimension \begin{equation} (n+1-h)d+n-4. \end{equation} (2) If furthermore $(h^2-n)d+h\leq 0$ and $h\geq 4$, in addition to part (1), $R_d(X, h)$ is also rationally connected.
We consider surjective endomorphisms f of degree > 1 on projective manifolds X of Picard number one and their f^{-1}-stable hypersurfaces V, and show that V is rationally chain connected. Also given is an optimal upper bound for the number of f^{-1}-stable prime divisors on (not necessarily smooth) projective varieties.
We show that complex Fano hypersurfaces can have arbitrarily large degrees of irrationality. More precisely, if we fix a Fano index e, then the degree of irrationality of a very general complex Fano hypersurface of index e and dimension n is bounded from below by a constant times $\sqrt{n}$. To our knowledge this gives the first examples of rationally connected varieties with degrees of irrationality greater than 3. The proof follows a degeneration to characteristic p argument which Kollár used to prove nonrationality of Fano hypersurfaces. Along the way we show that in a family of varieties, …
A variety is rationally connected if two general points can be joined by a rational curve. A higher version of this notion is rational simple connectedness, which requires suitable spaces of rational curves through two points to be rationally connected themselves. We prove that smooth, complex, weighted complete intersections of low enough degree are rationally simply connected. This result has strong arithmetic implications for weighted complete intersections defined over the function field of a smooth, complex curve. Namely, it implies that these varieties satisfy weak approximation at all p…
Topological characterization and Hodge structures of some rationally elliptic projective fourfolds
研究嵌入 $\mathbb{P}^8$ 的有理椭圆射影四维簇，借助法丛 Chern 数等刻画其拓扑并证明同构于 $\mathbb P^4$ 的条件，同时验证 Hodge 猜想及非正 Hodge 层级。
A geometric $C_2$-equivariant Bézout Theorem
本文将经典 Bézout 定理推广到 $C_2$-等变线性射影空间，用等变 Schubert 簇的线性组合表示等变超曲面的交。
Connecting families of curves
本文研究光滑射影簇上连接多个一般点的曲线族，在 Kodaira 维数非负时给出亏格线性下界，并刻画连接族 gonality 的极限值及高次超曲面的渐近行为。
A compact Kähler manifold is shown to be simply-connected if its `symmetric cotangent algebra' is trivial. Conjecturally, such a manifold should even be rationally connected. The relative version is also shown: a proper surjective connected holomorphic map between connected complex manifolds induces an isomorphism of fundamental groups if its smooth fibres are as above, and if the domain is Kähler.
Ranks of homotopy and cohomology groups for rationally elliptic spaces and algebraic varieties
本文研究了有理椭圆空间与代数簇同伦群和上同调群的秩，证明了自乘积 Poincaré 多项式及混合 Hodge 结构生成函数值间的不等式，并引入稳定化阈值不变量探讨其与 Hilali 猜想的联系。
Hilali conjecture and complex algebraic varieties
本文围绕有理椭圆空间上的Hilali猜想，回顾基本性质并给出满足猜想的复代数簇例子，进而提出修正公式与新猜想，并讨论与混合Hodge多项式相关的模乘积不等式。
Quasi algebraically closed fields, or $C_1$ fields, are defined in terms of a low degree condition. Namely, the field $K$ is $C_1$ if every degree $d$ hypersurface of the projective space $\mathbb{P}_K^n$ contains a $K$-point as soon as $d\leq n$. In this article we define a notion of low toric degree generalizing this condition for hypersurfaces of simplicial projective split toric varieties. This allows us to prove a particular case of the $C_1$ conjecture of Kollár, Lang and Manin : any smooth separably rationally connected variety that can be embedded as such a hypersurface over a $C_1$ fi…
Let $X$ be a compact Kähler manifold. We prove that if $X$ admits a smooth Hermitian metric $ω$ with quasi-positive second Chern-Ricci curvature $\mathrm{Ric}^{(2)}(ω)$, then $X$ is projective and rationally connected. In particular, $X$ is simply connected.
We prove birational superrigidity of direct products $V=F_1\times...\times F_K$ of primitive Fano varieties of the following two types: either $F_i\subset{\mathbb P}^M$ is a general hypersurface of degree $M$, $M\geq 6$, or $F_i\stackrelσ{\to}{\mathbb P}^M$ is a general double space of index 1, $M\geq 3$. In particular, each structure of a rationally connected fiber space on $V$ is given by a projection onto a direct factor. The proof is based on the connectedness principle of Shokurov and Koll\' ar and the technique of hypertangent divisors.
We establish a kind of subadjunction formula for quasi-log canonical pairs. As an application, we prove that a connected projective quasi-log canonical pair whose quasi-log canonical class is anti-ample is simply connected and rationally chain connected. We also supplement the cone theorem for quasi-log canonical pairs. More precisely, we prove that every negative extremal ray is spanned by a rational curve. Finally, we treat the notion of Mori hyperbolicity for quasi-log canonical pairs.
Let X be a simply connected projective manifold with nef anticanonical bundle. We prove that X is a product of a rationally connected manifold and a manifold with trivial canonical bundle. As an application we describe the MRC fibration of any projective manifold with nef anticanonical bundle.
Mapping Class Groups of Simply Connected Kähler Manifolds
本文综述并补充单连通紧凯勒流形映射类群与Torelli群的结果，重点分析P^4中超曲面情形，证明模空间基本群到映射类群的同态具有大核和无限指数像，并提出若干开放问题。
Scanning the moduli of smooth hypersurfaces
本文研究了光滑超曲面的模空间，通过构造连续截面空间并展示其在特定度数范围内的同构性，揭示了超曲面在不同变种下的同调稳定性现象。
We study the preservation of semisimplicity for holonomic D-modules with respect to the direct and inverse image of mainly finite maps $π: X \to Y$ of smooth varieties. A natural filtration of the direct image $π_+({\mathcal O}_X)$ is defined by the vanishing of local cohomology along a natural stratification of $π$. The notions are exemplified with the invariant map $X\to X^G$, where $G$ is a complex reflection group. Simply connected varieties are treated algebraically by considering connections instead of fundamental groups. For example, a "Grothendieck-Lefschetz" theorem for connections is…
Counting Calabi-Yau Threefolds
本文通过计算不变量枚举Calabi-Yau三维流形超曲面，给出单连通情况下的精确数量及非单连通和flop情形的初步结果。
The aim of this paper is to study geometric properties of non-degenerate smooth projective varieties of small degree from a birational point of view. First, using the positivity property of double point divisors and the adjunction mappings, we classify smooth projective varieties in $\mathbb P^r$ of degree $d \leq r+2$, and consequently, we show that such varieties are simply connected and rationally connected except in a few cases. This is a generalization of P. Ionescu's work. We also show the finite generation of Cox rings of smooth projective varieties in $\mathbb P^r$ of degree $d \leq r$…
Let $H \subset {\mathbb P}^n$ be a real-analytic subvariety of codimension one induced by a real-analytic curve in the Grassmannian $G(n+1,n)$. Assuming $H$ has a global defining function, we prove $H$ is Levi-flat, the closure of its smooth points of top dimension is a union of complex hyperplanes, and its singular set is either of dimension $2n-2$ or dimension $2n-4$. If the singular set is of dimension $2n-4$, then we show the hypersurface is algebraic and the Levi-foliation extends to a singular holomorphic foliation of ${\mathbb P}^n$ with a meromorphic (rational of degree 1) first integr…
In this article we establish the arithmetic purity of strong approximation for certain semi-simple simply connected $k$-simple linear algebraic groups and their homogeneous spaces over a number field $k$. For instance, for any such group $G$ and for any open subset $U$ of $G$ with codim$(G\setminus U, G)\geq 2$, we prove that (i) if $G$ is $k$-isotropic, then $U$ satisfies strong approximation off any one (hence any finitely many) place; (ii) if $G$ is the spin group of a non-degenerate quadratic form which is non-compact over archimedean places, then $U$ satisfies strong approximation off all…
For a Lagrangian torus A in a simply-connected projective symplectic manifold M, we prove that M has a hypersurface disjoint from a deformation of A. This implies that a Lagrangian torus in a compact hyperkähler manifold is a fiber of an almost holomorphic Lagrangian fibration, giving an affirmative answer to a question of Beauville's. Our proof employs two different tools: the theory of action-angle variables for algebraically completely integrable Hamiltonian systems and Wielandt's theory of subnormal subgroups.
We show that the moduli space of all Calabi-Yau manifolds that can be realized as hypersurfaces described by a transverse polynomial in a four dimensional weighted projective space, is connected. This is achieved by exploiting techniques of toric geometry and the construction of Batyrev that relate Calabi-Yau manifolds to reflexive polyhedra. Taken together with the previously known fact that the moduli space of all CICY's is connected, and is moreover connected to the moduli space of the present class of Calabi-Yau manifolds (since the quintic threefold P_4[5] is both CICY and a hypersurface …
On simply connected five manifolds Sasakian-Einstein metrics coincide with Riemannian metrics admitting real Killing spinors which are of great interest as models of near horizon geometry for three-brane solutions in superstring theory [KW]. We expand on the recent work of Demailly and Kollár [DK] and Johnson and Kollár [JK1] who give methods for constructing Kähler-Einstein metrics on log del Pezzo surfaces. By [BG1] circle V-bundles over log del Pezzo surfaces with Kähler-Einstein metrics have Sasakian-Einstein metrics on the total space of the bundle. Here these simply connected 5-manifolds…
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