We study, from a constructive computational point of view, the techniques used to solve the conjugacy problem in the "generic" lattice-ordered group Aut(R) of order automorphisms of the real line. We use these techniques in order to show that for each choice of parameters f,g in Aut(R), the equation xfx=g is effectively solvable in Aut(R).
This article is a contribution to the following problem: does there exist a Polish non-archimedean group (equivalently: automorphism group of a Fraisse limit) that is extremely amenable, and has ample generics. As Fraisse limits whose automorphism groups are extremely amenable must be ordered, i.e., equipped with a linear ordering, we focus on ordered Fraisse limits. We prove that automorphism groups of the universal ordered boron tree, and the universal ordered poset have a comeager conjugacy class but no comeager $2$-dimensional diagonal conjugacy class. We also provide general conditions im…
Let $G$ be a non-compact semisimple Lie group with finite centre and finitely many components. We show that any finitely generated group $Γ$ which is quasi-isometric to an irreducible lattice in $G$ has the $R_\infty$-property, namely, that there are infinitely $ϕ$-twisted conjugacy classes for every automorphism $ϕ$ of $Γ$. Also, we show that any lattice in $G$ has the $R_\infty$-property, extending our earlier result for irreducible lattices.
Given a group automorphism $ϕ:Γ\to Γ$, one has an action of $Γ$ on itself by $ϕ$-twisted conjugacy, namely, $g.x=gxϕ(g^{-1})$. The orbits of this action are called $ϕ$-conjugacy classes. One says that $Γ$ has the $R_\infty$-property if there are infinitely many $ϕ$-conjugacy classes for every automorphism $ϕ$ of $Γ$. In this paper we show that any irreducible lattice in a connected semi simple Lie group having finite centre and rank at least 2 has the $R_\infty$-property.
We study the notion of weak amalgamation in the context of diagonal conjugacy classes. Generalizing results of Kechris and Rosendal, we prove that for every countable structure $M$, Polish group $G$ of permutations of $M$, and $n \geq 1$, $G$ has a comeager $n$-diagonal conjugacy class iff the family of all $n$-tuples of $G$-extendable bijections between finitely generated substructures of $M$, has the joint embedding property and the weak amalgamation property. We characterize limits of weak Fraïssé classes that are not homogenizable. Finally, we investigate $1$- and $2$-diagonal conjugacy cl…
We introduce and explore a natural rank for totally disconnected locally compact groups called the bounded conjugacy rank. This rank is shown to be a lattice invariant for lattices in sigma compact totally disconnected locally compact groups; that is to say, for a given sigma compact totally disconnected locally compact group, some lattice has bounded conjugacy rank n if and only if every lattice has bounded conjugacy rank n. Several examples are then presented.
We prove that non-uniform arithmetic lattices of $SL_2(\mathbb{C})$ and in particular the Bianchi groups are conjugacy separable. The proof based on recent deep results of Agol, Long, Reid and Minasyan.
Locally solid Riesz spaces have been widely investigated in the past several decades; but locally solid topological lattice-ordered groups seem to be largely unexplored. The paper is an attempt to initiate a relatively systematic study of locally solid topological lattice-ordered groups. We give both Robert-Namioka-type characterization and Fremlin-type characterization of locally solid topological lattice-ordered groups. In particular, we show that a group topology on a lattice-ordered group is locally solid if and only if it is generated by a family of translation-invariant lattice pseudomet…
In this paper, we consider the conjugacy growth function of a group, which counts the number of conjugacy classes which intersect a ball of radius $n$ centered at the identity. We prove that in the case of virtually polycyclic groups, this function is either exponential or polynomially bounded, and is polynomially bounded exactly when the group is virtually nilpotent. The proof is fairly short, and makes use of the fact that any polycyclic group has a subgroup of finite index which can be embedded as a lattice in a Lie group, as well as exponential radical of Lie groups and Dirichlet's approxi…
Let $\mathbf{G}$ be a unipotent group scheme defined in terms of a nilpotent Lie lattice over the ring $\mathcal{O}$ of integers of a number field. We consider bivariate zeta functions of groups of the form $\mathbf{G}(\mathcal{O})$ encoding, respectively, the numbers of isomorphism classes of irreducible complex representations of finite dimensions and the numbers of conjugacy classes of congruence quotients of the associated groups. We show that the domains of convergence and meromorphic continuation of these zeta functions of groups $\mathbf{G}(\mathcal{O})$ are independent of the number fi…
The set of all subracks $\mathcal{R}(X)$ of a finite rack $X$ form a lattice under inclusion. We prove that if a rack $X$ satisfies a certain condition then the homotopy type of the order complex of $\mathcal{R}(X)$ is a $(m-2)$-sphere, where $m$ is the number of maximal subracks of $X$. The rack $X$ satisfying the condition of this general result is necessarily decomposable. Two particular instances occur when \begin{itemize} \item $X=G$ is a group rack, and when \item $X=C$ is a conjugacy class rack of a nilpotent group. \end{itemize} We also studied the subrack lattices of indecomposable ra…
This paper pursues an investigation on groups equipped with an $L$-ordered relation, where $L$ is a fixed complete complete Heyting algebra. First, by the concept of join and meet on an $L$-ordered set, the notion of an $L$-lattice is introduced and some related results are obtained. Then we applied them to define an $L$-lattice ordered group. We also introduce convex $L$-subgroups to construct a quotient $L$-ordered group. At last, a relation between the positive cone of an $L$-ordered group and special type of elements of $L^G$ is found, where $G$ is a group.
William W. Boone and Graham Higman proved that a finitely generated group has soluble word problem if and only if it can be embedded in a simple group that can be embedded in a finitely presented group. We prove the exact analogue for lattice-ordered groups: Theorem: A finitely generated lattice-ordered group has soluble word problem if and only if it can be embedded in an simple lattice-ordered group that can be embedded in a finitely presented lattice-ordered group. The proof uses permutation groups and the ideas used to prove the lattice-ordered group analogue of Higman's Embedding Theorem.
We show that the level sets of automorphisms of free groups with respect to the Lipschitz metric are connected as subsets of Culler-Vogtmann space. In fact we prove our result in a more general setting of deformation spaces. As applications, we give metric solutions of the conjugacy problem for irreducible automorphisms and the detection of reducibility. We additionally prove technical results that may be of independent interest --- such as the fact that the set of displacements is well ordered.
We show that the number of conjugacy classes of maximal finite subgroups of a lattice in a semisimple Lie group is linearly bounded by the covolume of the lattice. Moreover, for higher rank groups, we show that this number grows sublinearly with covolume. We obtain similar results for isotropy subgroups in lattices. Geometrically, this yields volume bounds for the number of strata in the natural stratification of a finite-volume locally symmetric orbifold.
For any left orderable group G, we recall from work of McCleary that isolated points in the space of left orderings correspond to basic elements in the free lattice ordered group over G. We then establish a new connection between the kernels of certain maps in the free lattice ordered group over G, and the topology on the space of left orderings of G. This connection yields a simple proof that no left orderable group has countably infinitely many left orderings. When we take G to be the free group of rank n, this connection sheds new light on the space of left orderings of the free group: by a…
A unital $\ell$-group $(G,u)$ is an abelian group $G$ equipped with a translation-invariant lattice-order and a distinguished element $u$, called order-unit, whose positive integer multiples eventually dominate each element of $G$. We classify finitely generated unital $\ell$-groups by sequences $\mathcal W = (W_{0},W_{1},...)$ of weighted abstract simplicial complexes, where $W_{t+1}$ is obtained from $W_{t}$ either by the classical Alexander binary stellar operation, or by deleting a maximal simplex of $W_{t}$. A simple criterion is given to recognize when two such sequences classify isomorp…
Unbounded entailment relations, introduced by Paul Lorenzen (1951), are a slight variant of a notion which plays a fundamental rôle in logic (see Scott 1974) and in algebra (see Lombardi and Quitté 2015). We call systems of ideals their single-conclusion counterpart. If they preserve the order of a commutative ordered monoid G and are equivariant w.r.t. its law, we call them equivariant systems of ideals for G: they describe all morphisms from G to meet-semilattice-ordered monoids generated by (the image of) G. Taking an article by Lorenzen (1953) as a starting point, we also describe all morp…
We establish, generalizing Di Nola and Lettieri's categorical equivalence, a Morita-equivalence between the theory of lattice-ordered abelian groups and that of perfect MV-algebras. Further, after observing that the two theories are not bi-interpretable in the classical sense, we identify, by considering appropriate topos-theoretic invariants on their common classifying topos, three levels of bi-intepretability holding for particular classes of formulas: irreducible formulas, geometric sentences and imaginaries. Lastly, by investigating the classifying topos of the theory of perfect MV-algebra…
This paper is a contribution to the study of the subgroup structure of exceptional algebraic groups over algebraically closed fields of arbitrary characteristic. Following Serre, a closed subgroup of a semisimple algebraic group $G$ is called irreducible if it lies in no proper parabolic subgroup of $G$. In this paper we complete the classification of irreducible connected subgroups of exceptional algebraic groups, providing an explicit set of representatives for the conjugacy classes of such subgroups. Many consequences of this classification are also given. These include results concerning t…
We study representations of MV-algebras -- equivalently, unital lattice-ordered abelian groups -- through the lens of Stone-Priestley duality, using canonical extensions as an essential tool. Specifically, the theory of canonical extensions implies that the (Stone-Priestley) dual spaces of MV-algebras carry the structure of topological partial commutative ordered semigroups. We use this structure to obtain two different decompositions of such spaces, one indexed over the prime MV-spectrum, the other over the maximal MV-spectrum. These decompositions yield sheaf representations of MV-algebras, …
Let $G$ be an $\ell$-group (which is short for ``lattice-ordered abelian group''). Baker and Beynon proved that $G$ is finitely presented iff it is finitely generated and projective. In the category $\mathcal U$ of {\it unital} $\ell$-groups---those $\ell$-groups having a distinguished order-unit $u$---only the $(\Leftarrow)$-direction holds in general. Morphisms in $\mathcal U$ are {\it unital $\ell$-homomorphisms,} i.e., hom\-o\-mor\-phisms that preserve the order-unit and the lattice structure. We show that a unital $\ell$-group $(G,u)$ is finitely presented iff it has a basis, i.e., $G$ is…
We investigate a new lattice of generalised non-crossing partitions, constructed using the geometry of the complex reflection group $G(e,e,r)$. For the particular case $e=2$ (resp. $r=2$), our lattice coincides with the lattice of simple elements for the type $D_n$ (resp. $I_2(e)$) dual braid monoid. Using this lattice, we construct a Garside structure for the braid group $B(e,e,r)$. As a corollary, one may solve the word and conjugacy problems in this group.
This paper is a contribution to the theory of finite semigroups and their classification in pseudovarieties, which is motivated by its connections with computer science. The question addressed is what role can play the consideration of an order compatible with the semigroup operation. In the case of unions of groups, so-called completely regular semigroups, the problem of which new pseudovarieties appear in the ordered context is solved. As applications, it is shown that the lattice of pseudovarieties of ordered completely regular semigroups is modular and that taking the intersection with the…
A unital $\ell$-group is an abelian group equipped with a translation invariant lattice-order and with a distinguished strong unit, i.e. an element whose positive integer multiples eventually dominate every element of $G$.If $X$ is a compact subset of $R^n$, the set $M(X)$ of real-valued piecewise linear maps with integer coefficients, whose addition and lattice operations defined pointwise and whose distinguished element is the constant map $1$, is a unital $\ell$-group. In this paper we provide a geometric decription of finitely generated (regular) projective unital $\ell$-groups. We prove t…
Abelian groups having partial orderings compatible with their binary operations have long been studied in the literature. In particular, lattice-ordered abelian groups constitute a universal-algebraic variety, and thus form a category which is monadic over the category of sets. The current paper studies the more general case of quasi-ordered abelian groups, identifying some of their more fundamental properties and their relationships to partially ordered and lattice-ordered groups. We reinterpret the category of quasi-ordered abelian groups with order preserving morphisms by examining the inte…
A lattice-ordered group (an $\ell$-group) $G(\oplus, \vee, \wedge)$ can be naturally viewed as a semiring $G(\vee,\oplus)$. We give a full classification of (abelian) $\ell$-groups which are finitely generated as semirings, by first showing that each such $\ell$-group has an order-unit so that we can use the results of Busaniche, Cabrer and Mundici [8]. Then we carefully analyze their construction in our setting to obtain the classification in terms of certain $\ell$-groups associated to rooted trees (Theorem 4.1). This classification result has a number of important applications: for example …