Over a field of characteristic 0, the algebra of invariants of several $n\times n$ matrices under simultaneous conjugation by $GL_n$ is generated by traces of products of generic matrices. In this paper we have found, in terms of representation theory of $GL_2$, a minimal set of generators of the algebra of invariants of two $4\times 4$ matrices. The proof is purely combinatorial and involves computer calculations with standard functions of Maple.
We comment two papers of Domokos and Vaccarino proving that the restriction to diagonal matrices of the scheme of commuting matrices is an isomorphism when restricted to invariants to the symmetric group invariants.
Over a field of characteristic 0, the algebra of invariants of several $n\times n$ matrices under simultameous conjugation by $GL_n$ is generated by traces of products of generic matrices. Teranishi, 1986, found a minimal system of eleven generators of the algebra of invariants of two $3\times 3$ matrices. Nakamoto, 2002, obtained an explicit, but very complicated, defining relation for a similar system of generators over $\mathbb Z$. In this paper we have found another natural set of eleven generators of this algebra of invariants over a field of characteristic 0 and have given the defining r…
Let R_{n,d} be the ring of invariants of d-tuples of n x n matrices under the simultaneous conjugation action of the general linear group. A minimal generating system and a homogeneous system of parameters for R_{3,3} are determined. Homogeneous systems of parameters for R_{3,2}, R_{4,2} are also pointed out.
Operators acting on the discrete random chaos yield signed multiplicative systems, extending the notion of spin matrices and quaternions. We investigate signed groups through the associated sign matrices, focusing on generators and their replacements. Of particular interest are anticommutative generators leading to a complete classification of the generated groups. The classification of finite groups of mixed commutativity is also obtained.
We provide a method for factoring all bounded ratios of the form $$\det A(I_1|I_1')\det A(I_2|I_2')/\det A(J_1|J_1')\det A(J_2|J_2')$$ where $A$ is a totally positive matrix, into a product of more elementary ratios each of which is bounded by 1, thus giving a new proof of Skandera's result. The approach we use generalizes the one employed by Fallat et al. in their work on principal minors. We also obtain a new necessary condition for a ratio to be bounded for the case of non-principal minors.
We consider two group actions on $m$-tuples of $n \times n$ matrices. The first is simultaneous conjugation by $\operatorname{GL}_n$ and the second is the left-right action of $\operatorname{SL}_n \times \operatorname{SL}_n$. We give efficient algorithms to decide if the orbit closures of two points intersect. We also improve the known bounds for the degree of separating invariants in these cases.
The algebra of GL_n-invariants of d-tuple of n x n nilpotent matrices with respect to the action by simultaneous conjugation is generated by the traces of products of nilpotent generic matrices in the case of an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We described a minimal separating set for this algebra in case n=d=3.
The existence and construction of common invariant cones for families of real matrices is considered. The complete results are obtained for 2x2 matrices (with no additional restrictions) and for families of simultaneously diagonalizable matrices of any size. Families of matrices with a shared dominant eigenvector are considered under some additional conditions.
For a nonsingular matrix $A$, we propose the form $Tr(^t\!A A^{-1})$, the trace of the product of its transpose and inverse, as a new invariant under congruence of nonsingular matrices.
A minimal homogeneous generating system of the algebra of semi-invariants of tuples of two-by-two matrices over an infinite field of characteristic two or over the ring of integers is given. In an alternative interpretation this yields a minimal system of homogeneous generators for the vector invariants of the special orthogonal group of degree four over a field of characteristic two or over the ring of integers. An irredundant separating system of semi-invariants of tuples of two-by-two matrices is also determined, it turns out to be independent of the characteristic.
We prove three inequalities relating some invariants of sets of matrices, such as the joint spectral radius. One of the inequalities, in which proof we use geometric invariant theory, has the generalized spectral radius theorem of Berger and Wang as an immediate corollary.
The least upper bound on degrees of elements of a minimal system of generators of the algebra of invariants of 3x3 matrices is found, and the nilpotency degree of a relatively free finitely generated algebra with the identity x^3=0 is established.
We investigate the existence problem of group invariant matrices using algebraic approaches. We extend the usual concept of multipliers to group rings with cyclotomic integers as coefficients. This concept is combined with the field descent method and rational idempotents to develop new non-existence results.
A matrix is $k$-nonnegative if all its minors of size $k$ or less are nonnegative. We give a parametrized set of generators and relations for the semigroup of $k$-nonnegative $n\times n$ invertible matrices in two special cases: when $k = n-1$ and when $k = n-2$, restricted to unitriangular matrices. For these two cases, we prove that the set of $k$-nonnegative matrices can be partitioned into cells based on their factorizations into generators, generalizing the notion of Bruhat cells from totally nonnegative matrices. Like Bruhat cells, these cells are homeomorphic to open balls and have a to…
We consider the problem of computing succinct encodings of lists of generators for invariant rings for group actions. Mulmuley conjectured that there are always polynomial sized such encodings for invariant rings of $\SL_n(\C)$-representations. We provide simple examples that disprove this conjecture (under standard complexity assumptions). We develop a general framework, denoted \emph{algebraic circuit search problems}, that captures many important problems in algebraic complexity and computational invariant theory. This framework encompasses various proof systems in proof complexity and some…
A linear group G<GL(n) acts on d-tuples of n x n matrices by simultaneous conjugation. In [Adv. Math. 19 (1976), 306-381] Procesi established generators and relations between them for G-invariants, where G is GL(n), O(n), and Sp(n) and the characteristic of base field is zero. We continue generalization of the mentioned results to the case of positive characteristic originated by Donkin in [Invent. Math. 110 (1992), 389-401]. We investigate relations between generators for O(n)-invariants.
Let K be an infinite field and let R be a K-algebra endowed with a homogeneous polynomial norm N of degree n. If N satisfies a formal analogue of the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem the we will show that R is a quotient of the ring of the invariants of several square matrices of order n under the simultaneous conjugation.
We show that the fixed elements for the natural GL_m-action on the universal division algebra UD(m,n) of m generic n x n matrices form a division subalgebra of degree n, assuming n >= 3 and 2 <= m <= n^2 - 2. This allows us to describe the asymptotic behavior of the dimension of the space of SL_m-invariant homogeneous central polynomials p(X_1,...,X_m) for n x n matrices. Here the base field is assumed to be of characteristic zero.
The noncommutative (or mixed) trace algebra $T_{nd}$ is generated by $d$ generic $n\times n$ matrices and by the algebra $C_{nd}$ generated by all traces of products of generic matrices, $n,d\geq 2$. It is known that over a field of characteristic 0 this algebra is a finitely generated free module over a polynomial subalgebra $S$ of the center $C_{nd}$. For $n=3$ and $d=2$ we have found explicitly such a subalgebra $S$ and a set of free generators of the $S$-module $T_{32}$. We give also a set of defining relations of $T_{32}$ as an algebra and a Groebner basis of the corresponding ideal. The …
We determine those k-tuples of conjugacy classes of matrices, from which it is possible to choose matrices which have no common invariant subspace and have sum zero. This is an additive version of the Deligne-Simpson problem. We deduce the result from earlier work of ours on preprojective algebras and the moment map for representations of quivers. Our answer depends on the root system for a Kac-Moody Lie algebra.
This paper finds the generators of the automorphism group of the group of unitriangular matrices over a field. Most of this paper is an exposition of the work of V.M. Levuchuk, part of which is in Russian. Some proofs are of my own.
We generalize an algorithm established in earlier work \cite{algebrapaper} to compute finitely many generators for a subgroup of finite index of an arithmetic group acting properly discontinuously on hyperbolic space of dimension $2$ and $3$, to hyperbolic space of higher dimensions using Clifford algebras. We hence get an algorithm which gives a finite set of generators of finite index subgroups of a discrete subgroup of Vahlen's group, i.e. a group of $2$-by-$2$ matrices with entries in the Clifford algebra satisfying certain conditions. The motivation comes from units in integral group ring…
We give a short proof of a recent result of Drury on the positivity of a $3\times 3$ matrix of the form $(\|R_i^*R_j\|_{\rm tr})_{1 \le i, j \le 3}$ for any rectangular complex (or real) matrices $R_1, R_2, R_3$ so that the multiplication $R_i^*R_j$ is compatible for all $i, j$, where $\|\cdot\|_{\rm tr}$ denotes the trace norm. We then give a complete analysis of the problem when the trace norm is replaced by other unitarily invariant norms.
We construct an explicit set of algebraically independent generators for the center of the universal enveloping algebra of the centralizer of a nilpotent matrix in the Lie algebra gl_N(C). In particular, this gives a new proof of the freeness of the center, a result first proved by Panyushev, Premet and Yakimova (math.RT/0610049).
