Vector Bundles on a Neighborhood of an Exceptional Curve and Elementary Transformations

A remark on Fano 4-folds having (3,1)-type extremal contractions

Let X be the blow-up of a smooth projective 4-fold Y along a smooth curve C and let E be the exceptional divisor. Assume that X is a Fano manifold and has an elementary extremal contraction $ϕ: X \to Z$ of (3,1)-type such that E is $ϕ$-ample (recall that a contraction map for a 4-fold is called (3,1)-type if the exceptional locus is a divisor and its image is a curve). We show that if the exceptional divisor of $ϕ$ is smooth, then Y is isomorphic to $\mathbb{P}^{4}$ and C is an elliptic curve of degree 4.

Kouchnirenko type formulas for local invariants of plane analytic curves

Let f(x,y)=0 be an equation of plane analytic curve defined in the neighborhood of the origin and let $π:M\to(\Cn^2,0)$ be a local toric modification. We give a formula which connects a number of double points δ_0(f)$ with a sum $\sum_p δ_p(\tilde f)$ which runs over all intersection points of the proper preimage of f=0 with the exceptional divisor.

On the non-existence of exceptional automorphisms on Shimura curves

We study the group of automorphisms of Shimura curves $X_0(D, N)$ attached to an Eichler order of square-free level $N$ in an indefinite rational quaternion algebra of discriminant $D>1$. We prove that, when the genus $g$ of the curve is greater than or equal to 2, $\Aut (X_0(D, N))$ is a 2-elementary abelian group which contains the group of Atkin-Lehner involutions $W_0(D, N)$ as a subgroup of index 1 or 2. It is conjectured that $\Aut (X_0(D, N)) = W_0(D, N)$ except for finitely many values of $(D, N)$ and we provide criteria that allow us to show that this is indeed often the case. Our met…

A supplement to Fujino's paper: On isolated log canonical singularities with index one

Let $E$ be the essential part of the exceptional locus of a good resolution of an isolated, log canonical singularity of index one. We describe the dimension of the dual complex of $E$ in terms of the Hodge type of $H^{n-1}(E, O_E)$, which is one of the main results of the paper [1] of Fujino. Our proof uses only an elementary classical method, while Fujino's argument depends on the recent development in minimal model theory.

Ephraim's Pencils

Let $f(x,y)=0$ and $l(x,y)=0$ be respectively a singular and a regular analytic curve defined in the neighborhood of the origin of the complex plane. We study the family of analytic curves $f(x,y)-tl(x,y)^M=0$, where $t$ is a complex parameter. For all but a finite number of parameters the curves of this family have the same embedded topological type. The exceptional parameters are called special values. We show that the number of nonzero special values does not exceed the number of components of the curve $f(x,y)=0$ counted without multiplicities. Then we apply this result to estimate the num…

On real anti-bicanonical curves with one double point on the $4$-th real Hirzebruch surface. II

A real 2-elementary K3 surfaces of type ((3,1,1),- id) yields a real anti-bicanonical curve s \cup A^\prime_1 (disjoint union) on the 4-th real Hirzebruch surface F_4 where s is the exceptional section of F_4 and the real curve A^\prime_1 has one real double point. We give a criterion (see Proposition 2.4) which determines whether the real double point is degenerate or not. One direction of the assertion of this proposition has already been proved in Lemma 4.6 of the preceding paper [9] (2015) by the author. In this paper we prove the inverse direction.

具有$b_2>12$的Fano 4-流形是曲面的乘积

Fano 4-folds with $b_2>12$ are products of surfaces

本文证明了Picard数大于12的光滑复Fano 4-流形必为del Pezzo曲面的乘积，关键是通过研究例外除子像为曲面的除子型初等收缩，并证明该像在适当条件下是光滑del Pezzo曲面。

The Nash problem on arcs for surface singularities

Let $(X,O)$ be a germ of a normal surface singularity, $π: \tilde X\longrightarrow X$ be the minimal resolution of singularities and let $A=(a_{i,j})$ be the $n\times n$ symmetrical intersection matrix of the exceptional set of $\tilde X$. In an old preprint Nash proves that the set of arcs on a surface singularity is a scheme ${\cal H}$, and defines a map ${\cal N}$ from the set of irreducible components of ${\cal H}$ to the set of exceptional components of the minimal resolution of singularities of $(X,O)$. He proved that this map is injective and ask if it is surjective. In this paper we co…

Classification of log del Pezzo surfaces of index $\le 2$

This is an expanded version of our work [AN88], 1988, in Russian. We classify del Pezzo surfaces over C with log terminal singularities of index \le 2. By classification, we understand a description of the intersection graph of all exceptional curves on an appropriate (somewhat stronger than minimal) resolution of singularities together with the subgraph of the curves which are contracted to singular points. The final results are similar to classical results about classification of non-singular del Pezzo surfaces and use the usual finite root systems. However, the intermediate considerations u…