In this paper, we present foundational material towards the development of a rigorous enumerative theory of stable maps with Lagrangian boundary conditions, ie stable maps from bordered Riemann surfaces to a symplectic manifold, such that the boundary maps to a Lagrangian submanifold. Our main application is to a situation where our proposed theory leads to a well-defined algebro-geometric computation very similar to well-known localization techniques in Gromov-Witten theory. In particular, our computation of the invariants for multiple covers of a generic disc bounding a special Lagrangian submanifold in a Calabi-Yau threefold agrees completely with the original predictions of Ooguri and Vafa based on string duality. Our proposed invariants depend more generally on a discrete parameter which came to light in the work of Aganagic, Klemm, and Vafa which was also based on duality, and our more general calculations agree with theirs up to sign.
We build a bridge between Floer theory on open symplectic manifolds and the enumerative geometry of holomorphic disks inside their Fano compactifications, by detecting elements in symplectic cohomology which are mirror to Landau-Ginzburg potentials. We also treat the higher Maslov index versions of the potentials. We discover a relation between higher disk potentials and symplectic cohomology rings of smooth anticanonical divisor complements (themselves conjecturally related to closed-string Gromov-Witten invariants), and explore several other applications to the geometry of Liouville domains.
The paper is devoted to the mathematical aspects of topological quantum field theory and its applications to enumerative problems of algebraic geometry. In particular, it contains an axiomatic treatment of Gromov-Witten classes, and a discussion of their properties for Fano varieties. Cohomological Field Theories are defined, and it is proved that tree level theories are determined by their correlation functions. Applications to counting rational curves on del Pezzo surfaces and projective spaces are given.
We explain connections among several, a priori unrelated, areas of mathematics: combinatorics, algebraic statistics, topology and enumerative algebraic geometry. Our focus is on discrete invariants, strongly related to the theory of Lorentzian polynomials. The main concept joining the mentioned fields is a linear space of matrices.
Holomorphic disk invariants with boundary in the real Lagrangian of a quintic 3-fold are calculated by localization and proven mirror transforms. A careful discussion of the underlying virtual intersection theory is included. The generating function for the disk invariants is shown to satisfy an extension of the Picard-Fuchs differential equations associated to the mirror quintic. The Ooguri-Vafa multiple cover formula is used to define virtually enumerative disk invariants. The results may also be viewed as providing a virtual enumeration of real rational curves on the quintic.
We present enumerative aspects of the Gross-Siebert program in this introductory survey. After sketching the program's main themes and goals, we review the basic definitions and results of logarithmic and tropical geometry. We give examples and a proof for counting algebraic curves via tropical curves. To illustrate an application of tropical geometry and the Gross-Siebert program to mirror symmetry, we discuss the mirror symmetry of the projective plane.
We provide an expository introduction to $\mathbb{A}^1$-enumerative geometry, which uses the machinery of $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy theory to enrich classical enumerative geometry questions over a broader range of fields. Included is a discussion of enriched local degrees of morphisms of smooth schemes, following Morel, $\mathbb{A}^1$-Milnor numbers, as well as various computational tools and recent examples. Based off lectures delivered by Kirsten Wickelgren at the 2018 LMS-CMI summer school ''Homotopy Theory and Arithmetic Geometry, Motivic and Diophantine Aspects.''
We discuss the problem of whether a given problem in enumerative geometry can have all of its solutions be real. In particular, we describe an approach to problems of this type, and show how this can be used to show some enumerative problems involving the Schubert calculus on Grassmannians may have all of their solutions be real. We conclude by describing the work of Fulton and Ronga-Tognoli-Vust, who (independently) showed that there are 5 real plane conics such that each of the 3264 conics tangent to all five are real.
We develop geometric techniques for counting BPS states in five-dimensional gauge theories engineered by M theory on a toric Calabi-Yau threefold. The problem is approached by studying framed 3d-5d wall-crossing in presence of a single M5 brane wrapping a special Lagrangian submanifold $L$. The spectrum of 3d-5d BPS states is encoded by the geometry of the manifold of vacua of the 3d-5d system, which further coincides with the mirror curve describing moduli of the Lagrangian brane. Information about the BPS spectrum is extracted from the geometry of the mirror curve by construction of a nonabe…
We study a 2-parameter family of enumerative problems over the reals. Over the complex field, these problems can be solved by Schubert calculus. In the real case the number of solutions can be different on the distinct connected components of the configuration space, resulting in a solution function. The cohomology calculation in the real case only gives the signed sum of the solutions, therefore in general it only gives a lower bound on the range of the solution function. We calculate the solution function for the 2-parameter family and we show that in the even cases the solution function is …
This is a survey of some recent developments in the study of complements of line arrangements in the complex plane. We investigate the fundamental groups and finite covers of those complements, focusing on homological and enumerative aspects. The unifying framework for this study is the stratification of the character variety of the fundamental group, G, by the jumping loci for cohomology with coefficients in rank 1 local systems. Counting certain torsion points on these "characteristic" varieties yields information about the homology of branched and unbranched covers of the complement, as wel…
We prove a new patchworking theorem for singular algebraic curves, which states the following. Given a complex toric threefold $Y$ which fibers over ${\mathbb C}$ with a reduced reducible zero fiber $Y_0$ and other fibers $Y_t$ smooth, and given a reduced curve $C_0\subset Y_0$, the theorem provides a sufficient condition for the existence of a one-parametric family of curves $C_t\subset Y_t$, which induces an equisingular deformation for some singular points of $C_0$ and certain prescribed deformations for the other singularities. As application we give a comment on a recent theorem by G. Mik…
Solving a system of polynomial equations is a ubiquitous problem in the applications of mathematics. Until recently, it has been hopeless to find explicit solutions to such systems, and mathematics has instead developed deep and powerful theories about the solutions to polynomial equations. Enumerative Geometry is concerned with counting the number of solutions when the polynomials come from a geometric situation and Intersection Theory gives methods to accomplish the enumeration. We use Macaulay 2 to investigate some problems from enumerative geometry, illustrating some applications of symbol…
We associate a half-integer number, called {\em the quantum index}, to algebraic curves in the real plane satisfying to certain conditions. The area encompassed by the logarithmic image of such curves is equal to $π^2$ times the quantum index of the curve and thus has a discrete spectrum of values. We use the quantum index to refine real enumerative geometry in a way consistent with the Block-Göttsche invariants from tropical enumerative geometry.
ORIGINS Data Science Lab（ORIGINS数据科学实验室）；Technical University Munich（慕尼黑技术大学）；Department of Mathematics（数学系）；Harvard University（哈佛大学）；Departement Mathematik（数学系）；ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）
Let $X$ be a compact toric Kähler manifold with $-K_X$ nef. Let $L\subset X$ be a regular fiber of the moment map of the Hamiltonian torus action on $X$. Fukaya-Oh-Ohta-Ono defined open Gromov-Witten (GW) invariants of $X$ as virtual counts of holomorphic discs with Lagrangian boundary condition $L$. We prove a formula which equates such open GW invariants with closed GW invariants of certain $X$-bundles over $\mathbb{P}^1$ used to construct the Seidel representations for $X$. We apply this formula and degeneration techniques to explicitly calculate all these open GW invariants. This yields a …
The main objects under consideration in this thesis are called maps, a certain class of graphs embedded on surfaces. Our problems have a powerful relatively recent tool in common, the so-called topological recursion (TR) introduced by Chekhov, Eynard and Orantin. We call a map fully simple if it has non self-intersecting disjoint boundaries, and ordinary if such a restriction is not imposed. We study the combinatorial relation between fully simple and ordinary maps with the topology of a disk or a cylinder, which reproduces relations between moments and free cumulants established in the contex…
Enumerative algebraic geometry counts the solutions to certain geometric constraints. Numerical algebraic geometry determines these solutions for any given instance. This article illustrates how these two fields complement each other. Our focus lies on the 3264 conics that are tangent to five given conics in the plane. We present a web interface for computing them. It uses the software HomotopyContinuation.jl, which makes this process fast and reliable. We discuss an instance where all 3264 solutions are real.
