Let $R$ be a noetherian ring and $M$ a finite $R$-module. With a linear form $χ$ on $M$ one associates the Koszul complex $K(χ)$. If $M$ is a free module, then the homology of $K(χ)$ is well-understood, and in particular it is grade sensitive with respect to $\Imχ$.
In this note we investigate the case of a module $M$ of projective dimension 1 (more precisely, $M$ has a free resolution of length 1) for which the first non-vanishing Fitting ideal $\I_M$ has the maximally possible grade $r+1$, $r=\rank M$. Then $h=\grade \Imχ\le r+1$ for all linear forms $χ$ on $M$, and it turns out that $H_{r-i}(K(χ))=0$ for all even $i<h$ and $H_{r-i}(K(χ))\iso \SS^{(i-1)/2}(C)$ for all odd $i<h$ where $\SS$ denotes symmetric power and $C=\Ext_R^1(M,R)$, in other words, $C=\Cokψ^*$ for a presentation $$ 0\to F\stackrelψ{\to} G \to M\to 0. $$ Moreover, if $h\le r$, then $H_{r-h}(K(χ))$ is neither 0 nor isomorphic to a symmetric power of $C$, so that it is justified to say that $K(χ)$ is grade sensitive for the modules $M$ under consideration.
We furthermore show that the maximally possible value $\grade \Imχ=r+1$ can only occur in two extreme cases: (i) $r=1$ or (ii) $\rank F=1$ and $r$ is odd.
We describe Koszul type complexes associated with a linear map from any module to a free module, and vice versa with a linear map from a free module to an arbitrary module, generalizing the classical Koszul complexes. Given a short complex of finite free modules, we assemble these complexes to what we call Koszul bicomplexes. They are used in order to investigate the homology of the Koszul complexes in projective dimension one. As in the case of the classical Koszul complexes this homology turns out to be grade sensitive. In a special setup we obtain necessary conditions for a map of free modu…
In this paper, we study the Koszul property of the homogeneous coordinate ring of a generic collection of lines in $\mathbb{P}^n$ and the homogeneous coordinate ring of a collection of lines in general linear position in $\mathbb{P}^n.$ We show that if $\mathcal{M}$ is a collection of $m$ lines in general linear position in $\mathbb{P}^n$ with $2m \leq n+1$ and $R$ is the coordinate ring of $\mathcal{M},$ then $R$ is Koszul. Further, if $\mathcal{M}$ is a generic collection of $m$ lines in $\mathbb{P}^n$ and $R$ is the coordinate ring of $\mathcal{M}$ with $m$ even and $m +1\leq n$ or $m$ is o…
Let $X$ be a smooth projective Calabi-Yau variety and $L$ a Koszul line bundle on $X$. We show that for Betti numbers of a maximal Cohen-Macaulay module over the homogeneous coordinate ring $A$ of $X$ there are formulas similar to the formulas for cohomology number. This similarity is realized via the box-product resolution of the diagonal $Δ_X \subset X \times X$.
Let R be a commutative ring and I an ideal in R which is locally generated by a regular sequence of length d. Then, each projective R/I-module V has an R-projective resolution P. of length d. In this paper, we compute the homology of the n-th Koszul complex associated with the homomorphism P_1 --> P_0 for all n, if d = 1. This computation yields a new proof of the classical Adams-Riemann-Roch formula for regular closed immersions which does not use the deformation to the normal cone any longer. Furthermore, if d = 2, we compute the homology of the complex N Sym^2 K(P.) where K and N denote the…
The minimal free resolution of the coordinate ring of a complete intersection in projective space is a Koszul complex on a regular sequence. In the product of projective spaces $\mathbb{P}^1 \times \mathbb{P}^1$, we investigate which sets of points have a virtual resolution that is a Koszul complex on a regular sequence. This paper provides conditions on sets of points; some of which guarantee the points have this property, and some of which guarantee the points do not have this property.
Let A be a noetherian AS regular Koszul quiver algebra (if A is commutative, it is essentially a polynomial ring), and grA the category of finitely generated graded left A-modules. Following Jorgensen, we define the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity reg(X) of a complex X \in D^b(grA) in terms of the local cohomologies or the minimal projective resolution of X. Let A^! be the quadratic dual ring of A. For the Koszul duality functor DG : D^b(grA) -> D^b(grA^!), we have reg(X) = max {i | H^i(DG (X)) \ne 0}. Using these concepts, we study weakly Koszul modules (= componentwise linear modules) over A^…
We extend to one dimensional quotients the result of A. Conca and S. Murai on the convexity of the regularity of Koszul cycles. By providing a relation between the regularity of Koszul cycles and Koszul homologies we prove a sharp regularity bound for the Koszul homologies of a homogeneous ideal in a polynomial ring under the same conditions.
For a system of non-homogeneous polynomials it was constructed explicit complex morphism of a dual complex to the Koszul complex into the Koszul complex. If the ideal of these polynomials is 0-dimensional, then this mapping is a homotopic equivalence, thus in this case it was obtained explicit duality of the Koszul complex.
The object of the paper is the dependence of Koszul complexes and dependence of dual Koszul complexes of two systems of non-homogeneous polynomials, when one system is a part of other system, in connection with the duality in a Koszul complex established by author earlier. Whence, the dependence of Koszul complexes and dependence of dual Koszul complexes follow when one system is linearly expressed through other system. Obtaned results are used in the proof of homotopic equivalence, formulated earlier by the author, of the Koszul complex and dual Koszul complex of a system of non-homogeneous p…
The main objective of this paper is to generalize a notion of Koszul resolutions and charcterizing modules which admits such a resolution. We turn out that for a noetherian ring $A$ and a coherent $A$ module $M$, $M$ has a two dimensional generalized Koszul resolution if and only if $M$ is a pure weight two module in the sense of \cite{HM09}.
For a local ring $(A,\mathfrak{m})$ of dimension $n$, we study the natural map from the Koszul cohomology module $H^n(\mathfrak{m}; A)$ to the local cohomology module $H^n_\mathfrak{m}(A)$. We prove that the injectivity of this map characterizes the Cohen-Macaulay property of the ring $A$. We also answer a question of Dutta by constructing normal rings $A$ for which this map is zero.
We study the module of Koszul cycles $Z_t(I,M)$ of a homogeneous ideal $I$ in a polynomial ring $S$ with respect to a graded module $M$. Under mild assumptions on the base field we prove that the regularity of $Z_t(I,S)$ is a subadditive function of the homological position t when I is 0-dimensional. For Borel-fixed ideals $I$ and $J$ we prove that the regularity of $Z_t(I,S/J)$ is bounded above by $t(1+\reg I)+\reg S/J$.
We establish an equivalence between the stable category of coherent sheaves (satisfying a mild restriction) on a projective space and the homotopy category of a certain class of minimal complexes of free modules over the exterior algebra Koszul dual to the homogeneous coordinate algebra of the projective space. We also relate these complexes to the Tate resolutions of the respective sheaves. In this way, we extend from vector bundles to coherent sheaves the results of Coandă and Trautmann [Trans. AMS 385 (2005)], which interpret in terms of the BGG correspondence the results of Trautmann [Math…
Conditions on the Koszul complex of a noetherian local ring $R$ guarantee that $\mathrm{Tor}^{R}_{i}(M,N)$ is non-zero for infinitely many $i$, when $M$ and $N$ are finitely generated $R$-modules of infinite projective dimension. These conditions are obtained from results concerning Tor of differential graded modules over certain trivial extensions of commutative differential graded algebras.
Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ be a Noetherian local ring, and let $M$ be a finitely generated $R$-module of dimension $d$. We prove that the set $\left\{\frac{l(M/IM)}{e(I, M)} \right\}_{\sqrt{I}=\mathfrak{m}}$ is bounded below by ${1}/{d!e(\overline{R})}$ where $\overline{R}=R/Ann(M)$. Moreover, when $\widehat{M}$ is equidimensional, this set is bounded above by a finite constant depending only on $M$. The lower bound extends a classical inequality of Lech, and the upper bound answers a question of Stückrad--Vogel in the affirmative. As an application, we obtain results on uniform behavior of the le…
Let $R$ be a local commutative noetherian ring and $HKR$ the homology ring of the corresponding Koszul complex. We study the homological properties of $HKR$ in particular the so-called Avramov spectral sequence. When the embedding dimension of $R$ is four and when $R$ can be presented with quadratic relations we have found 102 cases where this spectral sequence degenerates and only three cases where it does not degenerate. We also determine completely the Hilbert series of the bigraded Tor of these $HKR$ in tables A-D of section 5. We also study some higher embedding dimensions. Among the meth…
Let $R = K[X_1, ..., X_n]$ be a polynomial ring over some field $K$. In this paper, we prove that the $k$-th syzygy module of the residue class field $K$ of $R$ has Stanley depth $n-1$ for $\lfloor n/2 \rfloor \leq k < n$, as it had been conjectured by Bruns et. al. in 2010. In particular, this gives the Stanley depth for a whole family of modules whose graded components have dimension greater than $1$. So far, the Stanley depth is known only for a few examples of this type. Our proof consists in a close analysis of a matching in the Boolean algebra.
We study the ideal of maximal minors in Littlewood varieties, a class of quadratic complete intersections in spaces of matrices. We give a geometric construction for a large class of modules, including all powers of this ideal, and show that they have a linear free resolution over the complete intersection and that their Koszul dual is an infinite-dimensional irreducible representation of the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra. We calculate the algebra of cohomology operators acting on this free resolution. We prove analogous results for powers of the ideals of maximal minors in the variety of l…
