磁单极、电中性与静态Maxwell-Dirac方程
Magnetic Monopoles, Electric Neutrality and the Static Maxwell-Dirac Equations
摘要：
我们研究了完整的Maxwell-Dirac方程：具有最小耦合电磁场的Dirac场和以Dirac电流为源的Maxwell场。我们特别感兴趣的是静态的情况下，狄拉克电流是纯粹的时间-“电子”是在一些洛伦兹框架休息。在这种情况下，我们证明了两个定理，而一般的假设。首先，如果系统也是静止的（在某些规范中与时间无关），那么系统作为一个整体必须具有消失的总电荷，即它必须是电中性的。实际上，该定理只要求系统是{ \em渐近}平稳静态的。其次，我们表明，在轴对称的情况下，如果有外部库仑场，那么这些必须是磁荷-所有库仑外部源是带电的磁单极子。
英文摘要：
We study the full Maxwell-Dirac equations: Dirac field with minimally coupled electromagnetic field and Maxwell field with Dirac current as source. Our particular interest is the static case in which the Dirac current is purely time-like -- the "electron" is at rest in some Lorentz frame. In this case we prove two theorems under rather general assumptions. Firstly, that if the system is also stationary (time independent in some gauge) then the system as a whole must have vanishing total charge, i.e. it must be electrically neutral. In fact, the theorem only requires that the system be {\em asymptotically} stationary and static. Secondly, we show, in the axially symmetric case, that if there are external Coulomb fields then these must necessarily be magnetically charged -- all Coulomb external sources are electrically charged magnetic monopoles.
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