Many applications -- from planning and scheduling to problems in molecular biology -- rely heavily on a temporal reasoning component. In this paper, we discuss the design and empirical analysis of algorithms for a temporal reasoning system based on Allen's influential interval-based framework for representing temporal information. At the core of the system are algorithms for determining whether the temporal information is consistent, and, if so, finding one or more scenarios that are consistent with the temporal information. Two important algorithms for these tasks are a path consistency algorithm and a backtracking algorithm. For the path consistency algorithm, we develop techniques that can result in up to a ten-fold speedup over an already highly optimized implementation. For the backtracking algorithm, we develop variable and value ordering heuristics that are shown empirically to dramatically improve the performance of the algorithm. As well, we show that a previously suggested reformulation of the backtracking search problem can reduce the time and space requirements of the backtracking search. Taken together, the techniques we develop allow a temporal reasoning component to solve problems that are of practical size.
Efficient Test-Time Scaling via Temporal Reasoning Aggregation
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University（北航计算机科学与工程学院）；Qingdao Research Institute, Beihang University（北航青岛研究院）；Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University（北航杭州创新研究院）
When Do LLMs Apply the Wrong Law? Diagnosing LLM Failures in Temporal Legal Reasoning
Institute of Science Tokyo（东京科学大学）；Osaka University（大阪大学）；NII LLMC（日本信息学研究所语言、语言学与媒体中心）；Nara Institute of Science and Technology（奈良科学技术研究所）；Center of Juris-Informatics, ROIS-DS（日本学术研究推进机构跨学科科学研究中心法学信息学中心）
LTLZinc: a Benchmarking Framework for Continual Learning and Neuro-Symbolic Temporal Reasoning
University of Pisa（比萨大学）；University of Modena and Reggio Emilia（摩德纳和雷焦艾米利亚大学）；KU Leuven（鲁汶大学）；University of Florence（佛罗伦萨大学）；University of Siena（锡耶纳大学）
Reachability-Aware Pretraining for Efficient Target-Oriented Path Exploration in Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning
Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Chang Gung University（长庚大学人工智能研究中心）；Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, National Taiwan University（国立台湾大学口腔生物学研究所）；National Taiwan University of Science and Technology（国立台湾科技大学）
MetaTKG: Learning Evolutionary Meta-Knowledge for Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning
Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院信息工程研究所）；School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学网络空间安全学院）；Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）；School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学人工智能学院）
Strikingness-Aware Evaluation for Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning
School of Computer Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学人工智能研究院）；School of Artificial Intelligence & Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学人工智能与自动化学院）
Temporal-Aware Heterogeneous Graph Reasoning with Multi-View Fusion for Temporal Question Answering
1 School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts；Telecommunications 2 Faculty of Medicine \& Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia 3 Dept. of Biomedical Engineering \& Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 4 Beijing Information Science；Technology University 5 Shortest Path Technology Co., Ltd.
Timo: Towards Better Temporal Reasoning for Language Models
Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University（苏州大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Shanghai AI Laboratory（上海人工智能实验室）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）
TIME: A Multi-level Benchmark for Temporal Reasoning of LLMs in Real-World Scenarios
State Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing, School of Computer Science, Peking University（多媒体信息处理国家重点实验室，计算机学院，北京大学）；Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab（华为诺亚实验室）
Temporal Knowledge Question Answering via Abstract Reasoning Induction
Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology（国防科技大学大数据与决策实验室）；Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen)（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳））
Temporal Fact Reasoning over Hyper-Relational Knowledge Graphs
LMU Munich（慕尼黑大学）；University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML)（慕尼黑机器学习中心）；University of Stuttgart（斯图加特大学）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）
TAR: Temporal Anchor-Constrained Reasoning for Video Temporal Grounding
South China University of Technology（华南理工大学）；Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ)（广东人工智能与数字经济实验室（深圳））；Bytedance Inc.（字节跳动有限公司）
