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arXiv astro-ph/0303457astro-ph
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大光源的微透镜效应

Microlensing of Large Sources

Eric Agol

摘要:

我们证明了一个引力透镜定理:均匀亮度的光源通过前景球面透镜的放大率为mu =1+pi(2R_E^2-R_L^2)/A,其中A是光源的面积,R_E和R_L是投影到光源平面上的透镜的爱因斯坦半径和尺寸;这提供了对R_L^2,R_E^2 << A的精确放大率的精确近似。值得注意的是,这个结果与光源的形状或透镜的位置无关(除了边缘附近)。我们表明,这个公式可以推广到包括边缘变暗的圆形源,通过简单地插入在前景物体的位置的表面亮度(除以平均表面亮度的恒星)。我们还表明,类似的公式适用于包含在剪切场和质量片的点质量透镜,并为点质量的合奏,只要爱因斯坦半径远小于源的大小。这个定理可以用来计算凌日或微透镜光变曲线,其中前景恒星或行星的尺寸和爱因斯坦半径远小于背景恒星。

英文摘要:

We prove a gravitational lensing theorem: the magnification of a source of uniform brightness by a foreground spherical lens is mu =1+pi(2R_E^2-R_L^2)/A, where A is the area of the source and R_E and R_L are the Einstein radius and size of the lens projected into the source plane; this provides an accurate approximation to the exact magnification for R_L^2,R_E^2 << A. Remarkably, this result is independent of the shape of the source or position of the lens (except near the edges). We show that this formula can be generalized to include limb-darkening of a circular source by simply inserting the surface-brightness at the position of the foreground object (divided by the average surface-brightness of the star). We also show that similar formulae apply for a point-mass lens contained in a shear field and mass sheet, and for an ensemble of point masses as long as the Einstein radii are much smaller than the source size. This theorem may be used to compute transit or microlensing lightcurves for which the foreground star or planet has a size and Einstein radius much smaller than the background star.

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