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arXiv 0810.3915astro-ph
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来自源星围绕共同重心的轨道运动的行星微透镜信号

Planetary microlensing signals from the orbital motion of the source star around the common barycentre

S. Rahvar, M. Dominik

摘要:

通过几次探测,引力微透镜技术已被证明有助于研究在银河系距离内绕恒星运行的行星,甚至可以应用于探测邻近星系中的行星。到目前为止,通过微透镜探测行星被认为是由于光线弯曲的变化以及由行星围绕前景透镜星引起的放大。然而,与地球绕太阳公转所引起的年度视差效应完全类似,源星绕着与轨道行星共同的质心运动也会导致微透镜光变曲线的可观测偏差,这可以为看不见的伴星提供证据。我们详细讨论了这种效应,并研究了微透镜观测通过这种替代检测渠道揭示行星的前景。考虑到透镜和源星之间的小距离是有利的,并且这种效应几乎与源星的距离无关,即使它们的主星位于银河系之外,行星仍然可以被探测到,并且有足够好的测光(超过现在的技术)。从蒙特卡罗模拟合成的光变曲线中,我们发现这种探测的机会并不多,而且实际上只限于最大质量的行星(至少在目前的观测装置中),但它们足够大,有可能已经观测到一个或另一个信号。然而,它可能仍然无法确定这颗行星是否真的围绕着源星或透镜星运行,这让我们不仅在它的位置上,而且在它的属性上都有模糊性。

英文摘要:

With several detections, the technique of gravitational microlensing has proven useful for studying planets that orbit stars at Galactic distances, and it can even be applied to detect planets in neighbouring galaxies. So far, planet detections by microlensing have been considered to result from a change in the bending of light and the resulting magnification caused by a planet around the foreground lens star. However, in complete analogy to the annual parallax effect caused by the revolution of the Earth around the Sun, the motion of the source star around the common barycentre with an orbiting planet can also lead to observable deviations in microlensing light curves that can provide evidence for the unseen companion. We discuss this effect in some detail and study the prospects of microlensing observations for revealing planets through this alternative detection channel. Given that small distances between lens and source star are favoured, and that the effect becomes nearly independent of the source distance, planets would remain detectable even if their host star is located outside the Milky Way with a sufficiently good photometry (exceeding present-day technology) being possible. From synthetic light curves arising from a Monte-Carlo simulation, we find that the chances for such detections are not overwhelming and appear practically limited to the most massive planets (at least with current observational set-ups), but they are large enough for leaving the possibility that one or the other signal has already been observed. However, it may remain undetermined whether the planet actually orbits the source star or rather the lens star, which leaves us with an ambiguity not only with respect to its location, but also to its properties.

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