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arXiv 2610.12985physics.chem-phcs.LG
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NucleoNet:面向多几何结构的核感知行列式近似的神经变分蒙特卡洛方法

NucleoNet: A Nuclear-Aware Determinant Ansatz for Multi-Geometry Neural Variational Monte Carlo

School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学人工智能与数据科学学院);University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学苏州高等研究院);Singapore University of Technology and Design(新加坡科技设计大学);AI for Science Institute(北京智源人工智能研究院);School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学数学科学学院);National Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics(应用物理与计算数学研究部计算物理国家实验室);HEDPS, CAPT, College of Engineering, Peking University(北京大学工学院)

Qiao Gao, Yang Huang, Enze Hou, Yuzhi Liu, Jingrun Chen, Han Wang

AI总结:

研究针对神经变分蒙特卡洛仅适配单一核几何的问题,提出核感知行列式近似模型NucleoNet,其参数更少且可通过单一模型描述多分子几何,泛化能力优异。

摘要:

神经变分蒙特卡洛为求解电子薛定谔方程提供了精确途径,但许多神经波函数仅针对单一核几何结构优化,需通过独立计算绘制势能面。本文提出NucleoNet,一种核感知行列式近似,其中电子与核构成统一粒子集,通过共享的电子-核主干传播,联合演化单粒子与双粒子表示。核携带学习得到的表示,随电子表示一同演化并调控轨道构建,而反对称性仅由电子行列式施加。在平衡态小分子基准测试中,NucleoNet达到与现有神经波函数基线相当的精度,且参数数量显著更少。对于每个分子体系,经多几何联合优化的单一模型可描述N₂解离曲线、LiCN中Li位移,以及乙烷和甲酰胺的键解离最小能量路径。稀疏几何训练无需进一步优化即可泛化到N₂和LiCN的未见几何结构,N₂的消融实验表明,核流大幅提升了这种插值能力。这些结果表明,具有联合演化核表示的紧凑波函数可通过单一参数集描述分子体系的几何结构。

英文摘要:

Neural-network variational Monte Carlo provides an accurate route to solving the electronic Schrödinger equation, but many neural wavefunctions are optimized for a single nuclear geometry, requiring separate calculations to map out a potential energy surface. We introduce NucleoNet, a nuclear-aware determinant ansatz in which electrons and nuclei form a unified particle set propagated through a shared electron--nucleus backbone that jointly evolves one-particle and two-particle representations. Nuclei carry learned representations that evolve alongside the electronic representations and condition orbital construction, while antisymmetry is imposed only by electronic determinants. On equilibrium small-molecule benchmarks, NucleoNet achieves accuracy comparable to established neural-wavefunction baselines with substantially fewer parameters. For each molecular system, a single model optimized jointly across geometries describes the N$_2$ dissociation curve, Li displacement in LiCN, and the ethane and formamide minimum-energy paths for bond dissociation. Sparse-geometry training generalizes to unseen geometries for N$_2$ and LiCN without further optimization, and N$_2$ ablations show that nuclear streams substantially improve this interpolation. These results show that a compact wavefunction with jointly evolved nuclear representations can describe the geometries of a molecular system with a single set of parameters.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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