量子传感老化相变
Quantum sensing of aging transitions
AI总结：
提出利用单量子比特探针探测振荡器网络中的老化相变点，通过Fisher信息临界增强实现高精度估计。
摘要：
老化相变是一种临界现象，当非活跃量子节点的比例超过阈值（称为老化相变点）时，集体动力学性能下降。这种相变与广泛的生物和生理系统相关，并在量子信息处理中，特别是量子网络的稳定性评估和鲁棒性控制中，可能发挥重要作用。因此，检测老化相变点对于预测网络崩溃至关重要，因为它标志着量子网络突然失去稳定活跃状态并进入退化非活跃相的临界阈值。在这里，我们提出了一种量子传感策略，使用一个与少量振荡器节点相干耦合的单量子比特探针来定位该相变点。当非活跃比例p接近老化相变点时，探针的激发态布居对p的变化变得高度敏感，导致Fisher信息显著增强。这种临界增强使得能够高精度估计相变点。值得注意的是，即使在振荡器的经典区域，这种增强仍然存在，当p接近相变区域时，Fisher信息急剧增加。我们的结果为传感振荡器网络中的老化相变提供了一条可行途径，并为量子多体系统中的临界现象提供了计量学视角。
英文摘要：
The aging transition is a critical phenomenon in which collective dynamics deteriorate as the fraction of inactive quantum nodes exceeds a threshold, referred to as the aging transition point. Such transitions are relevant to a broad range of biological and physiological systems, and may play an important role in quantum information processing, particularly in the stability assessment and robustness control of quantum networks. Detecting the aging transition point is therefore crucial for predicting network breakdown, since it marks the critical threshold at which a quantum network abruptly loses its stable active state and enters a degraded inactive phase. Here we propose a quantum sensing strategy to locate this transition point using a single qubit probe coherently coupled to a small subset of oscillator nodes. As the inactive fraction p approaches the aging transition point, the excited-state population of the probe becomes highly sensitive to variations in p, leading to a pronounced enhancement of the Fisher information. This critical enhancement enables high-precision estimation of the transition point. Remarkably, this enhancement survives even in the classical regime for the oscillators, where the Fisher information increases dramatically as p approaches the transition region. Our results establish a feasible route to sensing aging transitions in oscillator networks and provide a metrological perspective on critical phenomena in quantum many-body systems.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
