arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2607.00539gr-qc
收藏

参考系与引力波偏振：对称性分类和优选框架现象学

Reference Frames and Gravitational-Wave Polarizations: Symmetry Classification and Preferred-Frame Phenomenology

Chongqing University（重庆大学）

Jie Zhu, Hao Li

备注：
19 pages, 2 figures
阅读 PDF
arXiv 页面 ↗HTML 原文 ↗

AI总结：

推导所有六种引力波偏振在纵向和横向洛伦兹变换下的变换规律，提出基于对称性的分类，并揭示优选框架效应导致的双折射和偏振混合。

摘要：

引力波偏振传统上在固定框架中分类（$E(2)$分类），未考虑洛伦兹变换下偏振模式的变化。本文推导了所有六种引力波偏振在纵向和横向洛伦兹变换下的显式变换规律。对于无优选框架的引力理论，我们提出基于对称性的引力波偏振分类。关键发现之一是，具有五个自由度的传播模式通过普适关系 $A_l/A_b = -2(1-k^2/\omega^2)$ 严格锁定其纵向和呼吸标量振幅。对于具有优选框架的理论，我们分析了Bumblebee引力，揭示优选框架效应导致显著的引力波双折射和观测者依赖的偏振混合。重要的是，我们识别出一种新的矢量到张量偏振转换机制，其中优选框架中的矢量模式不可避免地会在运动探测器上产生可观测的张量偏振，为检验洛伦兹破缺引力提供了新途径。我们的框架提供了一种新颖的、观测者无关的引力波偏振分类，并揭示了先前未注意到的偏振混合效应。

英文摘要：

Gravitational wave (GW) polarizations are traditionally classified in a fixed frame ($E(2)$ classification), which does not account for how polarization patterns change under Lorentz boosts. In this work, we derive the explicit transformation laws for all six GW polarizations under longitudinal and transverse boosts. For gravity theories devoid of preferred frames, we propose a symmetry-based classification of the GW polarizations they admit. Among our key findings, we demonstrate that a propagating mode with five degrees of freedom strictly locks its longitudinal and breathing scalar amplitudes via the universal relation $A_l/A_b = -2(1-k^2/ω^2)$. For theories with a preferred frame, we analyze Bumblebee gravity and reveal that preferred-frame effects induce significant GW birefringence and observer-dependent polarization mixing. Crucially, we identify a novel vector-to-tensor polarization conversion mechanism, where vector modes in the preferred frame inevitably generate observable tensor polarizations for moving detectors, offering a new pathway to test Lorentz-violating gravity. Our framework provides a novel, observer-independent classification of GW polarizations and reveals previously unnoticed polarization mixing effects.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

↑