arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2606.04428astro-ph.SR
收藏

来自慢速旋转低金属丰度恒星的快速旋转大质量黑洞:对GW231123的启示

Fast-spinning massive black holes from slowly rotating low-metallicity stars: Implications for GW231123

University of Malaya(马来亚大学);Universiti Malaya(马来亚大学);Keele University(基尔大学);University of Tokyo(东京大学);Universitat de València(瓦伦西亚大学);University of Geneva(日内瓦大学)

N. H. Ismail, N. Yusof, R. Hirschi, A. Griffiths, M. Á. Aloy, S. Ekström, G. Meynet

AI总结:

通过模拟慢速旋转的Pop III恒星演化,发现它们可以直接坍缩形成质量80-85太阳质量、无量纲自旋高达0.7的黑洞,为引力波事件GW231123提供了一种形成通道。

摘要:

早期宇宙中大质量黑洞的起源仍不确定且尚未探索。Pop III恒星是最早能够产生此类残骸的恒星源之一,但其演化对旋转非常敏感。我们探索了慢速初始旋转如何影响非常大质量Pop III恒星的演化和黑洞形成,并评估它们成为与GW231123等引力波事件一致的大质量、快速旋转黑洞的潜力。我们使用GENEC代码计算了初始质量为80、85和90 $M_\odot$ 的非旋转和慢速旋转Pop III恒星模型网格。我们的模型包括旋转诱导的混合和磁转矩引起的角动量输运。我们分析了CO核心质量及其体积平均绝热指数,以评估对电子-正电子对产生的不稳定性。根据氦燃烧结束时的角动量分布,我们假设直接坍缩,估计了产生的黑洞质量和无量纲自旋。我们的非旋转和慢速旋转80和85 $M_\odot$ 模型形成了31至36 $M_\odot$ 的碳氧核心,且绝热指数保持在4/3以上。因此,我们的模型预测Pop III恒星可以保持大部分质量并直接坍缩形成80至85 $M_\odot$ 的黑洞,无量纲自旋高达 $a_{\rm BH} \lesssim 0.7$。初始慢速旋转的大质量Pop III恒星可以在对不稳定区域下方形成非常大质量、快速旋转的黑洞。这支持将PISN质量间隙的下边界解释为平滑的、结构依赖的过渡,并确定单星Pop III演化是引力波探测器观测到的大质量快速旋转黑洞的可能通道,但受限于内部角动量输运和质量损失描述的不确定效率。

英文摘要:

The origin of massive black holes in the early universe remains uncertain and still unexplored. Pop III stars are among the first stellar sources capable of producing such remnants, but their evolution is very sensitive to rotation. We explore how slow initial rotation influences the evolution and black hole formation of very massive Pop III stars, and assess their potential to become massive, fast-spinning black holes consistent with GW events such as GW231123. We compute a grid of non-rotating and slowly rotating Pop III stellar models with initial masses of 80, 85, and 90 $M_\odot$ using the GENEC code. Our models include rotationally induced mixing and angular-momentum transport by magnetic torques. We analyse the CO core masses and their volume-averaged adiabatic index to assess stability against electron-positron pair creation. From the angular-momentum profiles at the end of He burning, we estimate the resulting black hole masses and dimensionless spins under the assumption of direct collapse. Our non-rotating and slowly rotating 80 and 85 $M_\odot$ models develop carbon-oxygen core masses between 31 and 36 $M_\odot$ and have an adiabatic index that remains above 4/3. Our models thus predict that Pop III stars can keep most of their mass and collapse directly to form black holes of 80 to 85 $M_\odot$ with dimensionless spins up to $a_{\rm BH} \lesssim 0.7$. Initially slowly rotating, massive Pop III stars can form very massive, rapidly spinning black holes just below the pair-instability regime. This supports interpreting the lower boundary of the PISN mass gap as a smooth, structure-dependent transition and identifies single-star Pop III evolution as a possible channel for massive fast-spinning black holes observed by gravitational-wave detectors, subject to the uncertain efficiency of internal angular-momentum transport and mass-loss prescriptions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑