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arXiv 2604.25199cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-elcs.AIcs.LGphysics.comp-ph
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从有效场论看Kohn-Sham哈密顿量:冻结核心动力学导致的准粒子带变窄

Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian from Effective Field Theory: Quasiparticle Band Narrowing from Frozen Core Dynamics

Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China(中国科学院理论物理研究所,北京100190,中国)

Xiansheng Cai, Han Wang, Kun Chen

AI总结:

本文通过有效场论揭示Kohn-Sham带宽与ARPES测量的差异,提出冻结核心修正因子,解决准粒子带宽问题,验证了第一性原理智能科学方法。

摘要:

Kohn-Sham (KS) 特征值通常与角分辨光电子能谱 (ARPES) 进行比较并用于许多体方法,但密度泛函理论 (DFT) 并未赋予其物理意义。对于碱金属和碱土金属,KS 带宽比 ARPES 测量高 20-35%,这一差异在所有交换相关函数中均持续存在。我们构建了不均匀电子气体的有效场论,并展示两个条件表明 KS 带是准粒子带,直到冻结核心重整化因子 zcore:核心激发能与价带费米能之间的尺度分离,以及均匀电子气体的近似伽利略不变性,通过图示蒙特卡罗验证。该因子反映了常规赝势冻结出的动力学核心激发,静态势无法捕捉。修正 1-zcore 对于碱金属达到 20-35%,但对 Al 和 Si 超过 5%,解释了 KS 带理论的成功与失败。我们推导出一个闭式后SCF公式,并验证了 Li、Na、K、Ca、Mg、Al 和 Si 的结果;预测的准粒子带解决了长期存在的 ARPES 带宽差异,与嵌入动态平均场理论在可忽略成本下匹配。本文还展示了第一性原理智能科学方法,这一方向特别适合 AGI-for-Science 模式:一个由 LLM 共开发的推导,具有受控的近似,经符号验证和少量实验验证,成为智能扩展的确定性工具,同时解决 LLM 审计瓶颈和基于拟合的 AI-for-science 的不可验证性问题。

英文摘要:

Kohn-Sham (KS) eigenvalues are routinely compared with angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) and used as input for many-body methods, yet density functional theory (DFT) assigns them no physical meaning. For alkali and alkaline-earth metals, KS bandwidths overestimate ARPES measurements by 20-35%, a discrepancy that persists across all exchange-correlation functionals. We construct an effective field theory (EFT) of the inhomogeneous electron gas and show that two conditions imply KS bands are the quasiparticle bands, up to a frozen-core renormalization factor zcore: a scale separation between core excitation energies and the valence Fermi energy, and an approximate Galilean invariance of the uniform electron gas confirmed by diagrammatic Monte Carlo. This factor reflects dynamical core excitations that conventional pseudopotentials freeze out and no static potential can capture. The correction 1-zcore reaches 20-35% for alkali metals but falls below 5% for Al and Si, explaining both the failure and success of KS band theory. We derive a closed-form post-SCF formula and validate it for Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Al, and Si; the predicted quasiparticle bands resolve the long-standing ARPES bandwidth discrepancy, matching embedded dynamical mean-field theory at negligible cost. This work also exemplifies first-principles agentic science, a direction particularly suited to the AGI-for-Science paradigm: an LLM-co-developed derivation with controlled approximations, verified symbolically and against a few experiments, becomes a deterministic harness for agentic scale-out, resolving simultaneously the LLM audit bottleneck and the non-falsifiability of fit-based AI-for-science.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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