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arXiv 2604.14280astro-ph.GA
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流:恒星壳层和流的演化——一个案例研究

Stream on: Evolution of stellar shells and streams - A case study

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München(慕尼黑大学);Swinburne University(斯威本科技大学);Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所)

Johannes Stoiber, Lucas M. Valenzuela, Rhea-Silvia Remus, Klaus Dolag

AI总结:

研究通过模拟分析卫星星系轨道对恒星壳层和流形成的影响,发现流的轨道更圆,而壳层保持径向有序,揭示了恒星在合并后分布的机制。

摘要:

潮汐恒星壳层和流是银河系中最引人注目的低表面亮度特征,由从卫星星系捕获的恒星组成。确定形成哪种特征的关键因素是卫星星系的轨道。此外,这些卫星星系中的恒星在合并残余物中的分布以及其在原始卫星星系中的初始位置,为了解恒星在最终星系中的沉积提供了重要线索。我们利用宇宙流体动力学模拟Magneticum Pathfinder,并扩展Valenzuela & Remus (2024)和Stoiber et al. (2025)的工作,以呈现流和壳系统形成案例研究。我们分析了它们的轨道和宿主星系中恒星粒子的分布,并将其与原始卫星星系中的初始位置进行比较。我们发现,流的前身轨道比壳系统的前身更圆。来自不同初始半径的流恒星粒子在宿主星系中大致相同距离。然而,可见于模拟观测中的流部分(未被宿主星系遮挡)由前身核心中的恒星组成(r/r_{1/2} < 1)。另一方面,壳系统恒星粒子保留了径向有序性:在卫星星系中初始半径较小的恒星仍更接近宿主星系的中心。

英文摘要:

Tidal stellar shells and streams are two of the most intriguing low-surface-brightness features within galaxies, consisting of stars accreted from satellite galaxies. A crucial ingredient in determining which type of feature will be formed is the orbit of the satellite galaxy. Additionally, the distribution of stars from these satellite galaxies within the merger remnant and the original location of these stars within the progenitor satellite galaxy provide important clues about the deposition of the stellar component in the resulting galaxy. We utilize the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation Magneticum Pathfinder and expand on the work by Valenzuela & Remus (2024) and Stoiber et al. (2025) to present a case study for the formation of a stream and a shell system. We analyze their orbits and the distributions of stellar particles within their host galaxy and compare them to their initial location within the progenitor satellite galaxy. We find that the orbit of the stream progenitor is more circular than the progenitor of the shell system. The stellar particles of the stream from different initial radii are found at roughly the same distances with respect to the host galaxy. However, the part of the stream visible in mock observations - not hidden by the host galaxy - consists of stars from within the core of the progenitor ($r/r_{1/2} < 1$). On the other hand, the stellar particles of the shell system retain their radial ordering: Stars that were initially at small radii in the satellite galaxy also remain closer to the center of the host galaxy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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