ESA Hera任务的HyperScout-H成像仪在飞行中的校准
In-flight calibration of ESA Hera's HyperScout-H imager
AI总结：
本文描述了Hera任务中HyperScout-H成像仪在飞行阶段的校准过程，包括暗曝光、偏置曝光和恒星场观测，以确保数据质量和可靠性，验证了其在火星飞越和恒星观测中的性能。
摘要：
ESA的Hera空间任务正驶向目标双小行星(65803)Didymos。HyperScout-H是Hera任务中的一项超光谱成像仪，工作在可见光和近红外波段0.65至0.95微米之间。HyperScout-H将能够详细评估Didymos和其卫星Dimorphos的成分，表征空间风化效应，并检测其表面可能存在的外源性材料。为监测仪器性能，定期进行校准曝光。本文描述了HyperScout-H在任务初期和巡航阶段进行的飞行校准。在发射后多次获取了偏置、暗曝光和恒星场观测。我们更新了校准数据并监控空间环境下的仪器性能。在五张图像中，火星表面填满整个视场，使HyperScout-H的结果能够与其它火星任务报告的结果交叉验证。校准数据表明偏置模式稳定，暗电流在短曝光下仍可忽略，探测器响应高度线性。我们量化了视场对准和几何畸变，并基于恒星场观测评估了点扩散函数。恒星观测和火星飞越数据提供了更新的辐射校准常数，表明飞行条件已略微改变了探测器的光谱响应。飞行校准对于确保数据质量和可靠性至关重要。HyperScout-H获得的结果表明，该仪器可以在Didymos-Dimorphos系统观测中实现其科学目标。
英文摘要：
ESA's Hera space mission is on its way to the mission target, the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos. HyperScout-H, one of the instruments onboard Hera, is a hyperspectral imager operating in the visible and near-infrared regions between 0.65 and 0.95 microns. HyperScout-H will enable a detailed assessment of the composition of both objects, Didymos and its satellite Dimorphos, the characterization of space weathering effects, and the possible presence of exogenous material on their surfaces. To monitor instrument functionality, calibration exposures are acquired regularly. This article describes the in-flight calibrations carried out for HyperScout-H during the commissioning and cruise phases. Bias and dark exposures, as well as stellar field observations, were acquired several times after launch. We update the calibration data and monitor instrument performance in the space environment. In five images, the surface of Mars fills the entire field of view, enabling cross-validation of HyperScout-H results with those reported by other Mars missions. The calibration data indicate that the bias pattern is stable, the dark current remains negligible for short exposures, and the detector response is highly linear. We quantify the field-of-view alignment and geometric distortion, and evaluate the point spread function based on the stellar field observations. Stellar observations and Mars swing-by data provide updated radiometric calibration constants, suggesting that in-flight conditions have slightly modified the detector's spectral response. In-flight calibrations are essential to ensure data quality and reliability. The results obtained for HyperScout-H demonstrate that the instrument can achieve its scientific goals in observations of the Didymos-Dimorphos system.
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