HyperScout-H：ESA Hera 任务的高光谱成像仪
HyperScout-H: the hyperspectral imager for the ESA Hera mission
AI总结：
本文介绍 ESA Hera 行星防御任务搭载的高光谱成像仪 HyperScout-H，阐述其科学目标、飞行前校准及数据处理工具，用于表征 Didymos-Dimorphos 双小行星的组成、空间风化和轨道环境。
摘要：
HyperScout-H（HS-H）仪器是 ESA 的 Hera 航天器上的有效载荷之一。Hera 是一项行星防御任务，旨在 NASA/DART 任务撞击后对近地双小行星 (65803) Didymos-Dimorphos 进行详细表征。HS-H 是一种多功能双用途有效载荷，作为高光谱成像仪，可在 0.65--0.95 μm 波长范围内同时捕获图像和光谱数据。该仪器的观测结果将为了解 Didymos 和 Dimorphos 两个天体的组成、空间风化效应以及这些小行星上可能存在的外源物质提供关键见解。凭借其宽视场（近轴近似下约为 15.5° × 8.3°），HS-H 将能够监测该系统的轨道动力学和尘埃环境。同时，在该任务小行星阶段的大部分时间里，这个双小行星系统的两个组成部分都保持在视场内。这些结果也将补充其他仪器在表征地貌单元方面获得的数据。HS-H 将获得的数据将能够生成突出关键光谱特征的图，例如分类学分类、光谱斜率和波段参数。本文介绍了该仪器的飞行前校准，概述了科学目标，并讨论了预期的研究。该仪器的能力通过对两个陨石样品的实验室观测得到展示，并且专门开发了一个软件工具箱用于处理该仪器的数据。
英文摘要：
The HyperScout-H (HS-H) instrument is one of the payloads aboard ESA's Hera spacecraft. Hera is a planetary defence mission that aims to provide a detailed characterization of the near-Earth binary asteroid (65803) Didymos-Dimorphos after the NASA/DART mission impact. HS-H is a versatile dual-use payload, functioning as a hyperspectral imager that captures both images and spectral data within the 0.65--0.95 $μ$m wavelength range. The observations from this instrument will offer key insights regarding the composition of the two bodies Didymos and Dimorphos, space weathering effects, and the potential presence of exogenous material on these asteroids. Thanks to its wide field of view ($\approx 15.5^\circ \times 8.3^\circ$ in paraxial approximation), HS-H will be able to monitor the system's orbital dynamic and dust environment. At the same time, both components of this binary asteroid remain in the field of view for most of the asteroid phase of the mission. These results also complement the data obtained from other instruments in characterizing the geomorphological units. The data that will be obtained by HS-H will enable the creation of maps highlighting key spectral features, such as taxonomic classification, spectral slope, and band parameters. This article presents the pre-flight calibration of the instrument, outlines the science objectives, and discusses the expected investigations. The instrument's capabilities are demonstrated through laboratory observations of two meteorite samples and a dedicated software toolbox was developed specifically for processing the instrument's data.
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