二元系统动态特性估计用于可穿越虫洞搜索
Estimates of the Dynamic Characteristics of Binary Systems for Traversable Wormholes Search
AI总结：
研究可穿越虫洞的观测表现，分析二元系统中虫洞候选体与伴星的运动扰动，比较扰动效应与邻近恒星随机影响，提出通过径向速度变化区分不同系统模型的方法。
摘要：
本文致力于研究可穿越虫洞的观测表现。考虑由可穿越虫洞候选体（黑洞、超大质量黑洞）和伴星构成的最简单二元系统模型，其中伴星的运动受到位于虫洞咽喉另一侧的巨质量天体的扰动。在超大质量黑洞作为虫洞候选体的情况下，分析扰动加速度并与邻近恒星的随机影响进行比较。在第二种情况中，分析宽二元系统中伴星径向速度变化特征，以区分其与其他模型：1) 包含黑洞的二元系统，2) 三体系统。对于预计未来径向速度观测精度为1.5 km/s，所有考虑的观测时间范围内，径向速度扰动均可检测。对于更现实的10 km/s精度，谱分析方法在约17年后数据积累后统计显著。谱和非参数方法的应用显著减少了与单独匹配滤波器相比所需的数据积累时间。
英文摘要：
The paper presents simulated detectability of traversable wormholes (WHs) in wide binary astrophysical systems without accretion (dormant binary systems) and in the Galactic center. The wormhole spacetime is represented as a gluing of two asymptotically flat Schwarzschild spacetimes, without specifying the detailed geometry of the throat. The gravitational perturbation across the throat is calculated by matching the monopole perturbations on the two sides in the short-throat approximation. We consider a traversable WH candidate as a compact object in a binary system, whose companion star is perturbed by a massive object on an elliptical orbit on the other side of the WH throat. In the case of a supermassive BH as WH candidate the perturbing acceleration is analyzed and compared with the stochastic gravitational influence of surrounding stars. For dormant wide binary systems, we analyze the radial velocity perturbations and discuss how their signatures may differ from those of a triple system. We discuss the observational limits of our model arising due to the Keplerian orbit subtraction. Under the model assumptions and the considered observational sampling, radial velocity perturbations are detectable in simulations with an observational accuracy of 1.5 km/s for all considered observation time spans. For a more conservative accuracy of 5 km/s, the non-parametric analysis method becomes statistically significant after $\approx17$ years of simulated data accumulation. The spectral and non-parametric methods significantly reduce the required accumulation time compared to matched-filtering applied in isolation.
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