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arXiv 2201.02203gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-th
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泡泡宇宙和可穿越的虫洞

Bubble universes and traversable wormholes

José P. S. Lemos, Paulo Luz

摘要:

广义相对论中的气泡宇宙和可穿越虫洞可以被看作是同一概念的两个方面。为了证明这一点,我们发现,显示,并以统一的方式研究一个闵可夫斯基-闵可夫斯基封闭宇宙和一个闵可夫斯基-闵可夫斯基可穿越虫洞。通过沿薄壳连接两个三维扁平球,即两个物质球,一个球形的畴壁,到一个单一的时空,人们得到一个闵可夫斯基-闵可夫斯基静态封闭宇宙,即,一个泡沫宇宙通过沿着薄壳连接两个平面球的三维补体,即两个物质球,一个球形的咽喉,进入一个单一的时空,人们得到一个闵可夫斯基-闵可夫斯基静态开放宇宙,这是一个可穿越的虫洞。因此,闵可夫斯基-闵可夫斯基泡泡宇宙和虫洞可以被看作是互补的。同样引人注目的是,这两个时空与两个著名的静态宇宙有相似之处。闵可夫斯基-闵可夫斯基静态封闭宇宙类似于爱因斯坦宇宙,一个静态封闭的球形宇宙,均匀地充满了尘埃物质和宇宙学常数。闵可夫斯基-闵可夫斯基静态开放宇宙类似于弗里德曼静态宇宙,一个静态开放双曲宇宙,均匀地充满了负能量密度尘埃和负宇宙学,一个有两个不相交的膜的宇宙,可以被认为是一个失败的虫洞。从这个角度来看,爱因斯坦和弗里德曼的宇宙也是同一概念的两个方面。所有这些时空的线性稳定性分析。存在于这些静态时空中的气泡宇宙和可穿越的虫洞之间的互补性可以在动态时空中实现,这表明这种互补性是普遍的。这项研究表明,气泡宇宙和可穿越的虫洞可以被视为来自同一个概念,因此,如果存在的话,其他的也应该存在。

英文摘要:

Bubble universes and traversable wormholes in general relativity can be realized as two sides of the same concept. To exemplify, we find, display, and study in a unified manner a Minkowski-Minkowski closed universe and a Minkowski-Minkowski traversable wormhole. By joining two 3-dimensional flat balls along a thin shell two-sphere of matter, i.e., a spherical domain wall, into a single spacetime one gets a Minkowski-Minkowski static closed universe, i.e., a bubble universe. By joining two 3-dimensional complements of flat balls along a thin shell two-sphere of matter, i.e., a spherical throat, into a single spacetime one gets a Minkowski-Minkowski static open universe which is a traversable wormhole. Thus, Minkowski-Minkowski bubble universes and wormholes can be seen as complementary. It is also striking that these two spacetimes have resemblances with two well-known static universes. The Minkowski-Minkowski static closed universe resembles the Einstein universe, a static closed spherical universe homogeneously filled with dust matter and with a cosmological constant. The Minkowski-Minkowski static open universe resembles the Friedmann static universe, a static open hyperbolic universe homogeneously filled with negative energy density dust and with a negative cosmological, a universe with two disjoint branes that can be considered a failed wormhole. In this light, the Einstein and Friedmann universes are also two sides of the same concept. A linear stability analysis for all these spacetimes is performed. The complementarity between bubble universes and traversable wormholes, that exists for these static spacetimes, can be can carried out for dynamical spacetimes, indicating that such a complementarity is general. The study suggests that bubble universes and traversable wormholes can be seen as coming out of the same concept, and thus, if ones exist the others should also exist.

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