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arXiv 2603.23213cs.NI
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RF-Zero-Wire:多跳低延迟符号同步射频通信的设计与分析

RF-Zero-Wire: Design and Analysis of Multi-Hop Low-latency Symbol-synchronous RF Communication

University of Antwerp - imec(安特卫普大学-imec);KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学)

Xinlei Liu, Andrey Belogaev, Jonathan Oostvogels, Bingwu Fang, Danny Hughes, Jeroen Famaey

AI总结:

本文提出RF-Zero-Wire协议,通过符号级并发传输减少多跳通信延迟,实验表明其在5跳内实现小于1ms的端到端延迟,且比传统存储转发协议更高效。

摘要:

无线网络与有线网络之间的延迟差距在对延迟敏感的场景中成为采用无线技术的挑战。在多跳通信中,这种差距尤为明显,典型应用于工业传感器网络和机器人集群。主要原因是常用无线协议依赖存储转发路由和昂贵的干扰避免开销。本文介绍了基于射频的符号同步通信协议RF-Zero-Wire。与存储转发方式不同,节点在转发帧符号时同时进行,无需严格时间同步。基于现实世界实验数据,发现不完美的晶体振荡器引入的不可避免载波频率偏移(CFOs)在并发符号传输下产生拍频效应,导致周期性 constructive 和 destructive 干扰,显著影响可靠性。随后,通过彻底的模拟研究显示,使用纠错码可以克服拍频问题。RF-Zero-Wire允许在5跳中实现小于1ms的端到端延迟,对于4字节小帧。此外,对于16字节帧,每增加一个跳数,延迟仅增加0.16%,与存储转发协议每跳超过100%的延迟增长相比可忽略不计。在基于模拟的大型实验中研究了网络可靠性与CFO范围、通信距离、节点密度和可实现的数据速率之间的权衡。

英文摘要:

The latency gap between wired and wireless networks poses a challenge in the adoption of wireless technologies in latency-sensitive scenarios. The gap is especially notable in multi-hop communication typical for industrial sensor networks and robotic swarms. The main reason behind it is that commonly used wireless protocols rely on store-and-forward routing and costly overhead procedures to avoid interference. This article introduces RF-Zero-Wire, an RF-based symbol-synchronous communication protocol. Instead of relaying the whole frame per hop in a store-and-forward manner, nodes concurrently relay the frame symbol by symbol, without the need for tight time synchronization. Based on data collected in real-world experiments, we reveal that the inevitable carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) introduced by imperfect crystal oscillators cause a beating effect under concurrent symbol transmissions. This is characterized by periodic constructive and destructive interference, which significantly affects reliability. Subsequently, a thorough simulation study shows how the beating problem can be overcome with error correction codes. RF-Zero-Wire allows achieving an end-to-end latency of less than 1ms for a small 4-byte frame transmitted across 5 hops. Moreover, latency is shown to increase only by 0.16% per extra hop for 16-byte frames, which is negligible compared to the over 100% per-hop latency increase observed in store-and-forward protocols. The trade-offs between network reliability and CFO range, communication distance, node density, and achievable data rate are studied in large-scale experiments based on simulation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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