在扭曲的高温超导SQUID中观察到量子干涉
Quantum interference in a twisted high-Tc SQUID senses emergent interfacial order
AI总结：
利用扭曲界面的SQUID探测到手性超导序及时间反演对称性破缺，为研究非常规超导体提供新方法。
摘要：
通过扭曲和堆叠范德华材料来工程化人工系统，已被证明是探索新兴量子现象的优秀平台，这些现象可以显著不同于其组成部分。最近在高质量扭曲界面制造方面的进展为研究扭曲铜酸超导体中未被探索的界面超导序提供了独特的机会。在我们的工作中，我们制造了利用$\mathrm{Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ}}$扭曲界面的超导量子干涉仪（SQUID）。通过测量开关电流和微分电阻的磁场调制，我们发现SQUID两个约瑟夫森结臂之间存在$\mathrmπ$相位差，反映了手性超导序——这是过去单个约瑟夫森结器件无法访问的关键方面。我们的观察还表明 Cooper 对的共同隧道效应以及时间反演对称性破缺的新兴超导序。此外，这些SQUID在接近77 K时非常适合用作最先进的磁通量传感器，其磁通量噪声灵敏度为$\sim$1.5 $\mathrm{μΦ_0/\sqrt{Hz}}$。利用扭曲界面稳定新的超导序并用量子干涉探测它们，为理解非常规超导体的微观起源开辟了新途径。我们的SQUID架构适用于研究其他系统的界面电荷输运机制和超导序的对称性，反映了其在铜酸超导体之外的广泛应用。
英文摘要：
Engineering artificial systems by twisting and stacking van der Waals materials has proven to be an excellent platform for exploring emergent quantum phenomena that can be significantly different from the constituents. Recent advances in the fabrication of high-quality twisted interfaces provide a unique opportunity to study the little-explored interfacial superconducting order in twisted cuprate superconductors. In our work, we fabricate superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) that utilize the twisted interface of $\mathrm{Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ}}$, a high-Tc cuprate superconductor. By measuring the magnetic field modulation of switching current and differential resistance, we find a $\mathrmπ$ phase difference between the two Josephson junction arms of the SQUID reflecting chiral superconducting order -- a crucial aspect inaccessible to single Josephson junction devices of the past. Our observations also indicate co-tunneling of the Cooper pairs and a time-reversal symmetry-broken emergent superconducting order. Additionally, these SQUIDs are well suited for use as state-of-the-art flux sensors close to 77 K, achieving a flux noise sensitivity of $\sim$1.5 $\mathrm{μΦ_0/\sqrt{Hz}}$. Stabilizing new superconducting orders using twisted interfaces and probing them using quantum interference opens new avenues to understanding the microscopic origin of unconventional superconductors. Our SQUID architecture is suitable for investigating the charge transport mechanisms and the symmetry of superconducting order at the interfaces of other systems, reflecting the broad applicability beyond cuprate superconductors.
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