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arXiv 2603.04596physics.atom-ph
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热瑞德堡阶梯中电磁诱导透明的基本线宽限制

Fundamental linewidth limit of electromagnetically induced transparency in a thermal Rydberg ladder

National Institute of Standards and Technology(美国国家标准与技术研究院)

Noah Schlossberger, Nikunjkumar Prajapati, Alexandra B. Artusio-Glimpse, Samuel Berweger, Christopher L. Holloway

AI总结:

本研究通过实验和理论推导,确定了热蒸汽中瑞德堡态双光子能量分辨率的最精确线宽限制,并揭示了接近此限制时的展宽机制。

摘要:

瑞德堡态的光谱学已成为量子传感的热门平台,最常见的读出方案是使用反向传播的激光束进行双光子电磁诱导透明(EIT)。在该方案中,瑞德堡态的能量分辨率由EIT特征的谱线宽决定。虽然选择标准可以将双光子共振的线宽缩小到单个原子瑞德堡态衰变率的量级,但原子的热速度导致的多普勒效应会使集体线宽扩大到中间态衰变率的量级。在此,我们推导了低功率极限下的多普勒残余线形状的解析表达式,并通过实验验证了结果。对于Rb,我们发现全宽半高(FWHM)线宽限制为1.84 MHz,当扫描耦合激光时测得实验线宽为2.04 MHz。这些线宽比之前的理论估计以及之前报告的测量线宽大约小一个数量级。借此,我们展示了目前热蒸汽中瑞德堡态的最精确双光子能量分辨率。然后,我们绘制了接近此限制时的展宽机制。

英文摘要:

Spectroscopy of Rydberg states has become a popular platform for quantum sensing, with the most common readout scheme being two-photon electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using counter-propagating laser beams. In this scheme, the energy resolution of the Rydberg state is set by the spectral linewidth of the EIT feature. While selection criteria for the two-photon resonance can narrow the linewidth to the order of the Rydberg state decay rate for a single atom, the Doppler shift from thermal velocity of the atoms broadens the ensemble linewidth to the order of the decay rate of the intermediate state. Here, we derive an analytic expression for the Doppler residual lineshape in the low-power limit and corroborate the results with experiment. For Rb, we find the full-width at half-maximum linewidth limit to be 1.84 MHz when scanning the coupling laser and measure an experimental linewidth of 2.04 MHz. These linewidths are around a factor of two narrower than previous theoretical estimates as well as previously reported measured linewidths. With this, we demonstrate the most precise two-photon energy resolution of a Rydberg state in thermal vapor to date. We then map out broadening mechanisms near this limit.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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